America\'s Military Adversaries. From Colonial Times to the Present

and several African Americans apparently rose to become chief. This would become one of the undercurrents of war with the United ...

suit. The highly mobile Seminoles usually dodged each American riposte, but many vil- lages and food stores were burned. By 1837 ...

filled a variety of staff po- sitions throughout World War I. Recklessly brave, he distinguished himself in savage fighting arou ...

Russian forces were girding themselves for a titanic clash. Like many senior officers, Model deplored what Hitler was planning, ...

fessed. “My only aim was to serve Germany.” Four days later, mindful of his personal dic- tum that a marshal must never surrende ...

and the New World was considered by many am- bitious military men as the graveyard of reputa- tions. Montcalm was un- deterred b ...

In the summer of 1757, Montcalm launched another preemptive strike deep into New York to forestall British operations against Mo ...

ploited this opportunity and landed his entire army on the night of September 12, 1759. The sudden deployment caught Montcalm at ...

and in 1852 he entered the naval school at Cadiz. He became a midshipman in 1855 and within five years had risen to sub- lieuten ...

fielded two antiquated cruisers (one of which was powerless and had to be towed into bat- tle!), two small cruisers, and five sm ...

MORRISON, JOSEPHWANTON Morrison, Joseph Wanton (May 4, 1783–February 15, 1826) English Army Officer M orrison won the hard-fough ...

who refused to cooperate—or even corre- spond—in reasonable fashion. The third major factor militating against American success ...

Kingston. He remained in garrison until late July 1814 and subsequently accompanied Gen. Gordon Drummondto the Niagara frontier. ...

labor, Gower arranged his transfer as royal governor of Virginia. Virginia was then the richest colony in North America, and his ...

and confiscate supplies of public gunpowder at Williamsburg and transfer it to ships off- shore. This act, coming in the wake of ...

Maryland Historical Magazine71 (1976): 212–219; Selby, John E. Dunmore: Colonial Governor of New York and Virginia, 1770–1782.Wi ...

formally established the Italian Fascist Party and began his quest for political domination. As Italy slipped deeper into a post ...

rest in a mountain resort until September, when a secret commando mission under Maj. Otto Skorzenyrescued him. He then took char ...

and in April 1941 the High Command appointed him in charge of the presti- gious First Air Fleet, with several of Japan’s newest ...

into the open, where they could be annihi- lated by superior Japanese forces. However, both he and Nagumo were unaware that the ...