Historical Dictionary of German Intelligence

1954 20 July: John disappears in East Berlin and later holds an international press conference. 1955 5 May: The FRG receives sta ...

1964 6 November: Richard Sorge is posthumously made a Hero of the Soviet Union. 1967 31 August: Tamara Bunke is killed in Bolivi ...

1982 1 October: Helmut Kohl becomes chancellor of the FRG. 1983 22 April: BfV chief Richard Meier retires after a suspicious aut ...

agreement. 9 March: Mielke is released for reasons of health. 31 March: All GDR state security employees are dismissed. 24 Augus ...

2002 3 August: The Schröder government rejects possible partici- pation in a U.S.-led coalition against the regime of Saddam Hus ...

xxv German achievements abound. Whether in World Cup soccer competi- tion or the production of luxury automobiles and precision ...

and objective inquiry into Germany’s espionage past. It should be stated at the outset, however, that the country has no major c ...

In Vienna, quite a different set of priorities dominated after 1815. The Austrian chancellor, Klemens von Metternich, realized t ...

As in other countries, World War I marked a watershed for Germany in nearly every respect. With the ardent support of Erich Lude ...

Third International, or Comintern—a covert ideological force emanat- ing from Moscow convinced that the key to world revolution ...

agreement with Canaris—the so-called Ten Commandments—even though Heydrich hardly relented in his desire for his own comprehen- ...

sides were able to gain almost full knowledge of one another’s capabili- ties. Hitler, however, quickly ordered an end to such c ...

Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND; Federal Intelligence Service) in 1956. No longer responsible to the Americans but to the Chancello ...

terms, the dense surveillance that it achieved was unparalleled in his- tory, even among other Eastern bloc states. According to ...

States, memoirs by former employees are a rarity, and access to official documents has been virtually impossible for historians. ...

Carl von Clausewitz, On War (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1976), 117. Walter Krivitsky, In Stalin’s Secret Serv ...

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1 The Dictionary 1 – A – ABHORCHDIENST. The codebreaking unit of the German army dur- ing World War I, the Abhorchdienst was est ...

a far more vigilant posture was taken in the eastern border regions stretching from Silesia to East Prussia. By 1893, following ...

within several years: reconnaissance, cipher and radio monitoring, and counterespionage. In 1927, Gempp was succeeded by Günter ...