Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions. Yu Hyongwon and the Late Choson Dynasty - James B. Palais

132 SOCIAL REFORM in-grade. His solution was the establishment of a National Academy staffed with the best scholars as teachers ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 133 administration, like the use of recommendation in recruitment, the granting of local autonomy to ...

134 SOCIAL REFORM contemporary and later Chinese statecraft writers, what started out in the Wei dynasty as an attempt to approx ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 135 could estimate his intelligence and ability to plan. You could annoy him in order to see how he w ...

136 SOCIAL REFORM of the profits to be made from commerce, and the students merely registered at the National Academy without bo ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 137 In the Northern Wei (424-535) Han Hsien-tsung (ca. 47T-500) complained that the only criterion fo ...

138 SOCIAL REFORM Yu acknowledged, however, that Koreans who defended the existing ascrip- tive social system used the argument ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 139 of the ruling class were not behaving in a moral fashion. They were placing their own private int ...

I40 SOCIAL REFORM Although Fan preferred the older system of the Former Han by which top offi- cials selected candidates by revi ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 141 Despite the use of policy questions in the examinations, the tests of knowledge and talent had be ...

142 SOCIAL REFORM tion system been adopted in the T'ang period than its critics began to voice protests against it. During the r ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 143 that fancy academic titles, degrees, and high offices were conferred on men who excelled at rote ...

144 SOCIAL REFORM Chang Tsai (1020-77), for example, but for very good reason: Chang praised hereditary principles in the select ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 145 fection was brought to an end with the Ch'in unification in 206 B.c. All subse- quent dynasties o ...

146 SOCIAL REFORM aggression and struggle, crudity and darkness, so that there is nothing worth talking about."88yu thought it w ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 147 dynasty, but his overall assessment of the system was negative, couched in the critical phraseolo ...

148 SOCIAL REFORM retreats to which scholars could assemble for study, discussion, and reflection, an attempt to escape from the ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 149 tern in Chinese history that a number of other adverse consequences had flowed from the dominatio ...

150 SOCIAL REFORM to recommend others to staff subordinate posts, and he complained that the chief ministers of his own time wer ...

REMOLDING THE RULING CLASS 151 utility of knowledge, particularly in contrast to the development ofliterary skill and style to n ...