Gardners Art through the Ages A Global History

continents. Its sophisticated culture has had a profound impact around the globe. Arab scholars laid the foundations of arithmet ...

M uhammad, founder of Islam and revered as its Final Pro- phet, was a native of Mecca on the west coast of Arabia. Born around 5 ...

mausoleum later dedicated as Santa Costanza (FIGS. 11-11and 11-12) in Rome. The Dome of the Rock is a member of the same extende ...

pictorial fields, bounded by stylized vegetal designs also found in Roman, Early Christian, and Byzantine ornament. No zoomorphi ...

UMAYYAD PALACE, MSHATTA The Umayyad rulers of Damascus constructed numerous palatial residences throughout their domains. The ur ...

was round in plan, about a mile and a half in diameter. The shape sig- nified that the new capital was the center of the univers ...

tall, it now stands alone, but originally a bridge linked it to the mosque. The distinguishing feature of the brick tower is its ...

piers and 514 columns topped by a unique system of double-tiered arches that carried a wooden roof (later re- placed by vaults). ...

Luxury Arts The furnishings of Islamic mosques and palaces reflect a love of sumptuous materials and rich decorative patterns. M ...

medallions on the breast, and the inscribed collar have no basis in anatomy. Similar motifs appear in Islamic textiles, pottery, ...

Later Islamic Art The great centers of early Islamic art and architecture continued to flourish in the second millennium, but im ...

abstract patterns. The lofty vault in this hall and others in the palace symbolized the dome of Heaven. The flickering light and ...

354 Chapter 13 THE ISLAMIC WORLD S inan (ca. 1491–1588), called Sinan the Great, was truly the greatest Ottoman architect. Born ...

OTTOMAN EMPIREDuring the course of the 9th to 11th cen- turies, the Turkic people, of central Asian origin, largely converted to ...

13-24Winter prayer hall of the Shahi (Imam) Mosque, Isfahan, Iran, 1611–1638. The ceramists who produced the cuerda seca tiles o ...

IRANIAN TILEWORKThe iwans of the Isfahan mosque feature soaring pointed arches framing tile-sheathed muqarnas vaults. The muqarn ...

make up the repertoire of Islamic calligraphy. One of these styles, known as Muhaqqaq,fills the mihrab’s outer rectangular frame ...

Potiphar’s wife Zulaykha. Sadi’s text is dispersed throughout the page in elegant Arabic script in a series of beige panels. Acc ...

ARDABIL CARPETS Tahmasp also ele- vated carpet weaving to a national industry and set up royal factories at Isfahan, Kashan, Kir ...

is typical of the period, consisting of a conical neck, wide body with six vertical handles, and a tall foot. Inside, a small gl ...