JR-Publications-Sudan-Handbook-1

120 7. From the Country to the Town munzoul a. m. assal Sudan’s population has historically been highly mobile, and there are lo ...

fRom thE CountRy to thE toWn 121 services in few urban centres (notably Khartoum) and undermined tradi- tional rural production. ...

122 thE sudan handbook from the west to the cities and agricultural areas of the Nile valley. Those who might once have been sho ...

fRom thE CountRy to thE toWn 123 were also affected by fighting. People moved as IDPs from these areas to the central parts of S ...

124 thE sudan handbook involve social commitment to both the origin and destination. In western Sudan, it is generally known tha ...

fRom thE CountRy to thE toWn 125 2002 when the crisis in Darfur began, and most if not all NGOs directed their attention to the ...

126 thE sudan handbook though the salaries are far from enough for their family needs. There is considerable dependence on women ...

fRom thE CountRy to thE toWn 127 During 2009, a series of massive demolitions and relocations took place in a range of squatter ...

128 thE sudan handbook half of the children in migrant settlements do not complete primary education. The violent events that fo ...

fRom thE CountRy to thE toWn 129 are unable to manage the migration; and Khartoum society is unable to assimilate the migrants. ...

130 8. From Slaves to Oil lauRa JamEs Introduction Sudan’s economy has been based, since early times, on natural resource extrac ...

fRom slaVEs to oil 131 Oil has dramatically boosted government revenue in north and south, but has also created new demands for ...

maP 8.1 Agricultural schemes The Sudan Handbook, edited by John Ryle, Justin Willis, Suliman Baldo and Jok Madut Jok. © 2011 Rif ...

fRom slaVEs to oil 133 being traded from south to north. At the same time there was a move to exploit a wider range of natural r ...

134 thE sudan handbook more cotton projects, such as the Zande scheme in the south. Many of these were poorly planned, with litt ...

fRom slaVEs to oil 135 The Advent of Oil The commercial exploitation of Sudan’s oil resources since the 1990s has effected a tra ...

136 thE sudan handbook earnings, with their contribution dropping from 100 per cent to around six per cent in the 15 years to 20 ...

fiG 8.1 Sudan’s GDP growth rates 1980–2009 (per cent GDP) -6 -4 -2 0 24681012 Sudan Real GDP Growth Rates 2009 2008 2007 2006 20 ...

138 thE sudan handbook and the global oil price boom. Nevertheless, this improved growth has been from a very low base, and its ...

The Sudan Handbook, edited by John Ryle, Justin Willis, Suliman Baldo and Jok Madut Jok. © 2011 Rift Valley Institute and contri ...