9780192806727.pdf

PRELIMINARIES 359 until 1917. Relativistic energy momentum conservation relations involving pho- tons were not written down till ...

360 THE QUANTUM THEORY In the first instance, this finding led to the abandonment of the earlier qualitative concept of the indi ...

PRELIMINARIES 361 controversy over the meaning of the negative energy solutions of the Dirac equa- tion. During that period, one ...

362 THE QUANTUM THEORY The quantum theory: Lines of influence. so much the details of Planck's work on radiation as the very int ...

PRELIMINARIES 363 opposition of one against the most basic views held by the other continued una- bated until the end of Einstei ...

!9 The Light - Quantum 19a. From Kirchhoff to Planck In the last four months of 1859, there occurred a number of events that wer ...

THE LIGHT-QUANTUM 365 a simple form, as do all functions which do not depend on the properties of indi- vidual bodies and which ...

Experimental techniques had sufficiently advanced by then to put this formula to the test. This was done by Friedrich Paschen fr ...

THE LIGHT-QUANTUM 367 Sample of the Rubens-Kurlbaum data which led Planck to guess his radiation formula [Rl]. P is plotted vers ...

368 THE QUANTUM THEORY been concluded ... [and which] reproduces our observations [from —188° to 1500°C] within the limits of er ...

THE LIGHT-QUANTUM 369 Even if Planck had stopped after October 19, he would forever be remembered as the discoverer of the radia ...

Equation 19.6 follows if one can derive Eq. 19.12. The Statistical Step. I should rather say, what Planck held to be a statistic ...

THE LIGHT-QUANTUM 37! ing all thermodynamic quantities he was interested in—but would not have given him the answer he desired t ...

372 THE QUANTUM THEORY determination of e, J. J. Thomson [Tl] had measured the charge of the electron with the result e = 6.5 X ...

THE LIGHT-QUANTUM 373 later. It also deals with the quantum theory. It has one thing in common with the opening sentence mention ...

This expression became known as the Rayleigh law. Already in 1900 Rubens and Kurlbaum (and also Lummer and Pringsheim) found thi ...

THE LIGHT-QUANTUM 375 a few, that a crisis in physics was at hand [E6]. The failure of the Rayleigh- Einstein-Jeans law was the ...

376 THE QUANTUM THEORY 19c. The Light-Quantum Hypothesis and the Heuristic Principle I mentioned in Chapter 3 that the March pap ...

THE LIGHT-QUANTUM 377 Light-quantum hypothesis: Monochromatic radiation of low density [i.e., within the domain of validity of t ...

378 THE QUANTUM THEORY In other words, the light-quantum hypothesis is an assertion about a quantum property of free electromagn ...