0071643192.pdf

CAUSES Common substances and their sources are found in Table 10.20. SYMPTOMS/EXAM ■ Phosgene:Odor of freshly mowed hay, respira ...

THORACIC AND RESPIRATORY DISORDERS ■ Early intubation if signs of airway edema and obstruction ■ Bronchodilators may be helpful. ...

■ Nasal potential difference: Directly evaluates CFTR function by measur- ing ion transport in the epithelial cells lining the i ...

THORACIC AND RESPIRATORY DISORDERS SOLITARY PULMONARY NODULE This is defined as an isolated round lesion <3 cm in diameter th ...

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CHAPTER 11 Abdominal and Gastrointestinal Emergencies Allison L. Hobelmann, MD, Ann C. Czarnik, MD, Emilie J. B. Cavello, MD, MP ...

ULCERATIVECOLITIS 554 HIRSHPRUNGDISEASE 556 IRRITABLEBOWELDISEASE(IBD) 556 LARGE-BOWELOBSTRUCTION 557 Anorecta 559 PERIANAL/ANAL ...

ESOPHAGEAL DISORDERS Infectious Esophagitis Infectious esophagitis is usually seen in patients who are immunosuppressed, ie, AID ...

EXAM Cardiac and abdominal exam to rule out perforation and other causes of pain DIFFERENTIAL Infectious and other noninfectious ...

■ If the patient is unresponsiveto therapy or has alarm symptoms(dysphagia, odynophagia, weight loss, anemia, long-standing symp ...

■ Antacids (calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide): For mild GERD; fast but afford only short-term relief ■ H 2 -receptor antago ...

Foreign bodies that pass the pylorus are rarely problematic and can be managed expectantly. Button batteriesare problematic due ...

DISPOSITION ■ Eighty to ninety percent of objects pass spontaneously; ten percent require further intervention. ■ Esophageal for ...

Structural Abnormalities MALLORY-WEISSTEAR Partial esophageal tear, usually due to retching or vomiting; longitudinal mucosal te ...

TREATMENT ■ In the ED, immediate broad spectrum antibiotics should be started. ■ Antibiotics should cover Staphylococcus,Strepto ...

TREATMENT ■ Nifedipine 10–20 mg before meals ■ Botulinum toxin injection endoscopically ■ Esophageal dilation ■ Surgery COMPLICA ...

■ Mallory-Weiss tears present with bright red hematemesis after an episode of forceful retching or vomiting. ■ Gastric ulcers ty ...

ABDOMINAL AND GASTROINTESTINAL EMERGENCIES HISTORY OR EVIDENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDINGActive profuse hematemesis or hematoc ...

DISPOSITION ■ Disease associated with high rate of mortality ■ Admit for intervention and continual resuscitation. ■ Early consu ...

SYMPTOMS Abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, anorexia DIFFERENTIAL Cardiac disease, ulcers, hernia, GERD, gastroparesis, functi ...