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What about humans? Are they as sensitive as the dog or as resistant as the rat to the acute toxicity and does aflatoxin cause li ...

react with DNA. Those animals which not only produce the epoxide but effectively remove it with a hydrolase enzyme, thus produci ...

codon 249 of the p53 gene. The product of this gene is involved in processes which normally protect against cancer and it is kno ...

and subtropical origin, such as maize, coffee beans, cocoa and soya beans is usually due to contamination byAspergillusspecies. ...

In parts of India a disease known as kodua poisoning occurs following the consumption of kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) wh ...

It was not until 1959 that an outbreak of poisoning of cattle, being fed on an emergency ration of germinated barley malt sprout ...

less acutely toxic, but potentially carcinogenic, dianthraquinones such as luteoskyrin. 8.4.4 Mycotoxins ofFusarium Some species ...

disease may still occur in any part of the world ravaged by war and famine. Three of the most important mycotoxins, aflatoxin, o ...

by several species of mould and may thus be contaminated by several different mycotoxins. 8.4.4.2 DON and Other Trichothecenes. ...

its initial isolation fromGibberella zeae, the perfect stage ofF. graminea- rum. In gilts, the vulva and mammary glands become s ...

to have been produced byF. moniliforme. It is now known that monili- formin is actually produced by strains of the related speci ...

in other parts of Europe and in South America, Africa, India and the USA. Fumonisin B1 has been confirmed to cause equine enceph ...

perenne) and an endophytic fungus,Acremonium loliae. The endophyte– plant association results in the production of complex tremo ...

far more overt mycotoxicoses in farm animals throughout the world. Thus facial eczema in sheep in New Zealand, caused by the sap ...

outbreaks of mycotoxin poisoning have on economics through losses in productivity. Recognition of the potential to cause harm in ...

for the purpose of viral replication. Consequently, virus multiplication will not occur in foods which can act only as a passive ...

Table 8.5 Human enteric viruses Family Features Viruses Associated diseases Adenoviridae Icosahedral particles with fibres. 100 ...

the developed world have reduced exposure to the virus so that, when it does occur, it tends to be later in life when the illnes ...

Foodborne viral gastroenteritis is characterized by an incubation period of 15–50 h followed by diarrhoea and vomiting which per ...

secondary contamination during preparation. Evidence of unequivocal primary contamination is largely restricted to bivalve mollu ...