Medicinal Chemistry

symbiont.The presence of water profoundly influences the shape and function of all other molecules and macromolecules within the ...

and include collagens (tendons, connective tissue), elastins (ligaments, blood vessels), keratins (fingernails), and myosins (mu ...

8.1.2.3 Functional Catalytic Proteins: Enzymes More than 3000 different enzymes have been identified and characterized. For purp ...

Hydrolases are enzymes that catalyze cleavage reactions (or the reverse fragment condensations); isomerases are enzymes that cat ...

adenine and guanine are purines; cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines. In RNA-based nucleotides, uracil replaces thymine. These ...

Transcriptionis the process by which the DNA-based genetic message is read and carried out of the nucleus to an organelle called ...

triacylglycerols (or triglycerides) because they are triesters of glycerol with three long-chain carboxylic acids. Hydrolysis of ...

in their importance in drug design. Prostaglandins affect blood pressure, blood clotting, gastric secretion, kidney function, in ...

contain oxygen-based functional groups (terpenoids). The 1939 Nobel Prize in chemistry was awarded to Leopold Ruzicka for his pi ...

Carbohydrates are the most abundant organic component of plants. Structurally, carbohydrates are usually polyhydroxy aldehydes o ...

a solution of the molecule rotates plane-polarized light either to the right or left. An improvement upon this designation is th ...

glycolipids) constitute important cell surface macromolecules that are important drug targets and antigens central to immune-med ...

8.1.6.1 Classification of Heterocycles Structurally and functionally, there is a bewildering array of different heterocycles. Th ...

Five-membered aromatic heterocycles containing more than one heteroatom Pyrazoles, oxazoles, thiazoles Six-membered non-aromatic ...

electron transfer agents in oxidation–reduction reactions. Because of the importance of these macromolecules to drug action and ...

chemistry they will not be discussed further. The d-block metals have some biological relevance, particularly Fe and Zn. 8.1.7.2 ...

essentially descending order of importance, these drugs and druggable targets may be classified as follows: Proteins, peptides, ...

Carbohydrates a. As drugs Simple carbohydrate therapeutics (mannitol) Complex carbohydrate therapeutics (heparin) b. As druggab ...

anhydrase, which regulates proton equilibria in the kidney. Another ubiquitous enzyme is adenylate cyclase; many drug receptors ...

Uncompetitive inhibitors.These bind only to the enzyme–substrate complex, not to free enzyme. This results in a decrease in the ...