Hafiz and the Religion of Love in Classical Persian Poetry
34 himself open without sham, and naked to the mirror of the world; however, degenerated from its primitive context, this attitu ...
During the ‘born-again’ king Mubāriz al-Dīn’s reign of terror ... the struggle against this merciless hypocrite – who had been n ...
36 certainly did not mean to glorify the dissolute lowlife of theKaffeehausliterat or wax magniloquent over the nightlife pub-c ...
Dīvānof Ḥāfiẓ.^291 Centuries before Ḥāfiẓ, specifically in the Persian poetry of Sanā’ī and ‘Aṭṭār, therindān’s disreputablemalā ...
38 detachment.^300 This spiritual ideal of detachment, represented by the inspired lib- ertine and theqalandar, is praised by Ḥā ...
Althoughmalāmatīconceptions are generally alien to Western philosophical ethics, in certain Gospel sayings such as ‘Blessed are ...
40 blame and censure of the vulgar have, it must be stressed,supra-aestheticandmeta- literary significance. Rather than mere col ...
Love too has much grace and chic and charm, And her side too must not be forsworn.^319 The deliberate concealment of one’s virtu ...
42 self-righteous conceit [‘ujb] and arrogance. Therefore, God has set the com- mon herd over them to tongue-lash and blame them ...
them both to the harshest re-evaluation. Following the precedent set by Sanā’ī and ‘Aṭṭār in this respect, he took the character ...
44 means that God is contemplating Himself in him, is contemplating the evidence of Himself.’^332 Although the imagery ofshāhid- ...
Verifiers [madhhab-i muḥaqqiqān], no other religion exists. Have you ever heard these verses? Anyone whose life does not rest up ...
46 As this extraordinarily profound passage teaches, the Sufi’s love of God is, psycho- logically speaking,nolensvolens, couched ...
contemplation (shāhid-bāzī), it became virtually impossible to distinguish between the metaphysics of the spirit and the erotics ...
48 and mundane, could be viewed as being a ‘divine creation’ (sun‘-ikhudā-y).^355 The human form beheld in selfless ecstasy beco ...
figurative human beloved and human love one may unite oneself with the True Beloved and experience True Love – for (as the Arabi ...
50 and for this purpose resorted to regarding the appearances of figurative human beauty [tawaṣṣulbihmaẓāhir-iḥusniyya-yimajāzī] ...
through His theophanic human form (shāhid), founding a cult of love upon the adoration of beauty.^377 This is the meaning of so ...
52 In our creed the inspired libertine is subject to no veil whatsoever, whereas the hapless puritan ascetic (zāhid) is veiled b ...
At this juncture, having suffered reproach and abuse, the lover now becomes bereft of all avarice and desire for the world. The ...
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