Dictionary of Chemistry [6th Ed.]

A The original paper by Raman and Krishnan Ramsay, Sir William (1852–1916) British chemist, born in Glasgow. After working unde ...

(and phenol) by a gas-phase reaction between benzene vapour, hydrogen chloride, and oxygen (air) at 230°C: 2C 6 H 6 + 2HCl + O 2 ...

cellulose acetate is made and dis- solved in a solvent. The solution is forced through nozzles into air, where the solvent quick ...

gained electrons. In reducing other substances, these atoms lose elec- trons. reducing sugar A monosaccharide or disaccharide su ...

relative molecular mass (molecu- lar weight)Symbol Mr. The ratio of the average mass per molecule of the naturally occurring for ...

1969), who pioneered techniques for the safe industrial use of acetylene. reptation A motion describing the dynamics of a polyme ...

is ionized for a given frequency it has many applications in chemistry. resorcinol See 1,3-dihydroxyben- zene. retinol See vitam ...

white metallic *transition element; a.n. 75; r.a.m. 186.2; r.d. 20.53; m.p. 3180 °C; b.p. 5627 (estimated)°C. The element is obt ...

to describe unimolecular reactions. The RRK theory, put forward by O. K. Rice, H. C. Ramsperger, and indepen- dently by L. S. Ka ...

463 r chair boat twist half chair flagpole bowsprit axial equatorial Conformations of a six- membered ring twist (1, 2, 3, are c ...

R-isomer 464 r R-isomerSee absolute configura- tion. RMESee biofuel. RNA(ribonucleic acid)A complex or- ganic compound (a nuclei ...

process expels moisture, chemically combined water, and volatile matter; in the case of sulphides, the sulphur is expelled as su ...

black. It is used as aÛotation agent, solderÛux, sizing compound, and in lacquers and plasticizers. It is also used to provide ‘ ...

white metallic element belonging to *group 1 (formerly IA) of the periodic table; a.n. 37; r.a.m. 85.47; r.d. 1.53; m.p. 38.89°C ...

high temperatures. It also forms complexes with a range of oxidation states. The element was isolated by K. K. Klaus in 1844. A ...

= μ 02 me^4 c^3 /8h^3 , where μ 0 is the mag- netic constant, m and e are the mass and charge of an electron, c is the speed of ...

S Sabatier–Senderens process A method of organic synthesis employ- ing hydrogenation and a heated nickel catalyst. It is employe ...

combinations)A linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO), which is a ‘building block’ of the LCAO orbitals making up a *molec ...

matic compounds. The method is to diazotize an aromatic amide at low temperature and add an equimolar solution of the halogen ac ...

addition reactions. Compare unsatu- rated. 2.(of a solution) Containing the maximum equilibrium amount of solute at a given temp ...