Dictionary of Chemistry [6th Ed.]

2HNO 3 + Cu →CuO + H 2 O + 2NO 2 This is followed by reaction between the acid and the oxide: 2HNO 3 + CuO →Cu(NO 3 ) 2 + H 2 O ...

liquid air. It is used in metallurgical processes, in high-temperature Ûames (e.g. for welding), and in breathing apparatus. The ...

containing the ion O 3 –. 2.Unstable compounds formed by the addition of ozone to the C=C double bond in alkenes. See ozonolysis ...

P PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electro- phoresis) A type of *electrophore- sis used to determine the size and composition of protein ...

violet radiation or by spraying with a substance that reacts to give a coloured spot (e.g. ninhydrin gives a blue coloration wit ...

and PM2.5, with particles less than 2.5 μm. parting agentSee release agent. partition If a substance is in con- tact with two di ...

to his death he was director of the Pasteur Institute. In 1848 he discov- ered *optical activity, in 1860 relat- ing it to molec ...

an ill-deÜned group of metalloid el- ements (B, Si, Ge, As, Te). PCBSee polychlorinated biphenyl. PCPSee phencyclidine. peacock ...

pentlanditeA mineral consisting of a mixed iron–nickel sulphide, (Fe,Ni) 9 S 8 , crystallizing in the cubic system; the chief or ...

cal compound contains an excess of an element, e.g. a peroxide. perchlorate See chlorates. perchloric acid See chloric(vii) acid ...

1 to 18 (see Appendix). Horizontal rows in the table are periods. The Ürst three are called short periods; the next four (which ...

of the perovskite structure include CaTiO3, BaTiO3, and SrTiO3. A An interactive version of the structure peroxides A group of ...

pesticideAny chemical compound used to kill pests that destroy agricul- tural production or are in some way harmful to humans. P ...

hydrocarbons. The liquid compo- nents are obtained by vacuum distil- lation and used in lubricating oils. The solid components ( ...

tering such variables as temperature and pressure. Phase transitions can be classiÜed by their order. If there is non-zero *late ...

catalyst at 200°C and 55 atm. The compound is used extensively in the rubber industry and in the manufac- ture of drugs and dyes ...

The theory wasÜnally demolished by Antoine Lavoisier, who showed by careful experiments with reactions in closed containers that ...

ionized to give the ion H 2 PO 2 –. The acid and its salts are readily oxidized to the orthophosphate and conse- quently are goo ...

pable of *luminescence (including phosphorescence). Phosphors that re- lease their energy after a short delay of between 10–10an ...

acids and energy-carrying molecules (e.g. ATP) and also involved in various metabolic reactions. The element was discovered by H ...