Medical-surgical Nursing Demystified

CHAPTER 7 Gastrointestinal System^319 Monitor intake and output. NPO to avoid irritation of intestinal tract, further stress on ...

(^320) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified HALLMARK SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Epigastric area pain: Worse just after eating as acid i ...

CHAPTER 7 Gastrointestinal System^321 Administer histamine-2 blockers: famotidine, ranitidine, nizatidine Administer proton p ...

(^322) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified Ulcerative Colitis WHAT WENT WRONG? An inflammatory disease of the large intestine t ...

CHAPTER 7 Gastrointestinal System^323 Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate due to inflammation. Electrolyte disturbance due ...

(^324) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified NURSING INTERVENTION Monitor intake and output. Monitor stool output, frequency. We ...

CHAPTER 7 Gastrointestinal System^325 Colonoscopy This test is used to diagnose obstruction, bleeding, change in bowel habits, a ...

(^326) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified simple procedures requiring only local anesthesia. Risks include bruising, bleed- in ...

CHAPTER 7 Gastrointestinal System^327 tract to enable the openings of the pancreatic and bile ducts to be seen. A dye is injecte ...

(^328) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified Bilirubin Bilirubin is a red-yellow pigment that results from the breakdown of red b ...

CHAPTER 7 Gastrointestinal System^329 Helicobacter Pylori This is a gram negative bacteria which can be detected by a serum test ...

(^330) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified On assessment of the abdomen in a patient with peritonitis, you would expect to fin ...

Endocrine System CHAPTER 8 Thyroid Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Pineal Parathyroid (behind thyroid gland) Thymus Adrenal gland K ...

(^332) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified How the Endocrine System Works The endocrine system is comprised of several glands, ...

CHAPTER 8 Endocrine System^333 regulated by a process called direct feedback. Direct feedback is necessary to main- tain homeost ...

(^334) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified abnormal antibodies that attack the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism can also be caused ...

CHAPTER 8 Endocrine System^335 Serum measurements of T3 and T4 will need to be performed after 6 to 8 weeks to determine if the ...

(^336) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified PROGNOSIS The prognosis is good if the cause of hyperthyroidism is treated; however, ...

CHAPTER 8 Endocrine System^337 Administer beta blockers such as propranolol until hyperthyroidism dimin- ishes to decrease symp ...

(^338) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified Check for Trousseau’s sign (inflate blood pressure cuff on the arm and mus- cles co ...