bei48482_FM
387 CHAPTER 11 Nuclear Structure Nuclear magnetic resonance is the basis of a high-resolution method of imaging body tissues. Th ...
388 Chapter Eleven T hus far we have been able to regard the nucleus of an atom merely as a tiny, positively charged object whos ...
Nuclear Structure 389 James Chadwick (1891–1974) was educated at the University of Man- chester in England and remained there to ...
390 Chapter Eleven Table 11.1Some Masses in Various Units Particle Mass (kg) Mass (u) Mass (MeV/c^2 ) Proton 1.6726 10 ^27 1. ...
Nuclear Structure 391 properties of isotopes may very more dramatically with mass number: tritium is radioac- tive, for instance ...
11.2 SOME NUCLEAR PROPERTIES Small in size, a nucleus may have angular momentum and a magnetic moment The Rutherford scattering ...
Nuclear Structure 393 honor of Enrico Fermi, a pioneer in nuclear physics. From Eq. (11.1) we find that the radius of the^126 C ...
394 Chapter Eleven Figure 11.4(a) The spin magnetic moment pof the proton is in the same direction as its spin angular momentum ...
Spin down E 0 + μpzB ∆E = 2 μpzB E 0 – μpzB Spin up ms = +^12 ms = –^12 E 0 B = 0 B > 0 Figure 11.5The energy levels of a pro ...
(spin-up) because this is the lowest energy state; see Fig. 11.5. If we now supply em radiation at the Larmor frequency Lto the ...
Nuclear Structure 397 spins. Energy levels in nuclei are filled in sequence, just as energy levels in atoms are, to achieve conf ...
created in a nuclear reaction, a^125 B nucleus changes by beta decay into a stable^126 C nucleus in a fraction of a second. The ...
Nuclear Structure 399 nucleus of an electron from its innermost shell. The electron is absorbed by a nuclear proton which is the ...
proton. The required energy indeed turns out to be 2.224 MeV (Fig. 11.11). When less energy than 2.224 MeV is given to a^21 H nu ...
56 26 Fe 0 50 100 150 200 250 Binding energy per nucleon, MeV 2 4 6 8 10 Fusion ++E Fission ++E Mass number, A Figure 11.12Bindi ...
more stable the nucleus is. The graph has its maximum of 8.8 MeV/nucleon when the total number of nucleons is 56. The nucleus th ...
Nuclear Structure 403 Solution (a) Removing a neutron from^4220 Ca leaves^4120 Ca. From the table of atomic masses in the Append ...
404 Chapter Eleven has 12 other spheres in contact with it (Fig. 11.13). Hence each interior nucleon in a nucleus has a binding ...
Nuclear Structure 405 Since there are Z(Z1)2 pairs of protons, Ec V av (11.11) where (1r)avis the value of 1raverage ...
Corrections to the Formula The binding-energy formula of Eq. (11.13) can be improved by taking into account two effects that do ...
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