Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt

AMARA West, at least during the Nineteenth Dynasty (1307–1196 B.C.E.). The fortresses and garrisons were under a single commande ...

nunn-nu,this primeval chaos was the oldest entity in the world. Nun was the personification of nunu. See also COSMOGONY. Nut (Nu ...

O 284 oases These lush, habitable depressions found in the LIBYAN DESERTof Egypt have been in use from Predynastic times (before ...

tation of the oasis, Kharga was dedicated to the god AMUN-Ré by DARIUS I(r. 521–486 B.C.E.), the Persian con- queror of Egypt. K ...

have a genuine solar significance. They were positioned according to the traditional patterns in order to reflect the cultic asp ...

Olympias(fl. fourth century B.C.E.)Royal woman of Macedonia She was the wife of King Philip II and the mother of ALEXANDER III T ...

oracles A deity’s response to a query, delivered by a messenger of the divine, such as a statue of a god, the practice was wides ...

island that was surrounded by canals that held the water. The false SARCOPHAGUSof the pharaoh rested on the island. A portico op ...

FORTY-TWO JUDGES. The MORTUARY RITUALSin most eras revolved around this role of Osiris, and the BOOK OF THE DEADoffered various ...

Osiris was depicted as rising from the dead and ascending to heavenly realms. Other mysteries honoring other deities were held i ...

coregent and held this rank for six years before Osorkon III’s death. Osorkon III was probably buried near MEDINET HABU. Osorkon ...

P 293 paddle dolls They were unique mortuary accessories in the form of painted, flat wooden figures with elaborate hairdos comp ...

for rituals celebrating Amunite festivals and holy days. Pakhenti was a small village beside OPET, the suburb of Thebes dedicate ...

horned animals were placed in nearby offertory pits, and the graves also held Egyptian axes and daggers. The pan-graves culture ...

PRISSE PAPYRUS RAMESSEUM PAPYRI RHIND PAPYRUS SALLIER PAPYRI SATIRICAL PAPYRUS ST. PETERSBURG PAPYRUS SMITH PAPYRUS, EDWIN TURIN ...

Patenemheb(fl. 14th century B.C.E.)Priestly official of the Eighteenth Dynasty He served AKHENATEN (r. 1353–1335 B.C.E.) and the ...

AMENIRDIS I, a Divine Adoratrice of Amun. Pebatma was queen of MEROË, in Kush, or NUBIA(modern Sudan), and she apparently did no ...

His Aniba tomb is now on the west bank of the Aswan High Dam. Penreshnas(fl. 10th century B.C.E.) Royal woman of the Twenty-seco ...

He dispatched detailed instructions on the care of the small creature, promising a reward to his official if the dwarf arrived s ...

Peribsen (Set, Sekhemib, Uaznes)(d. c. 2600 B.C.E.) Fourth ruler of the Second Dynasty He reigned in an obscure and troubled his ...