Microsoft Word - Cengel and Boles TOC _2-03-05_.doc

the evaporator to the compressor is usually very long; thus the pressure drop caused by fluid friction and heat transfer from th ...

11–5 ■ SELECTING THE RIGHT REFRIGERANT When designing a refrigeration system, there are several refrigerants from which to choos ...

choice of refrigerant depends on the situation at hand. Of these, refrigerants such as R-11, R-12, R-22, R-134a, and R-502 accou ...

halogenated CFCs (such as R-11, R-12, and R-115) do the most damage to the ozone layer. The nonfully halogenated refrigerants su ...

rator coils is highly undesirable since it seriously disrupts heat transfer. The coils can be defrosted, however, by reversing t ...

a result of this modification, the condenser of the heat pump (located indoors) functions as the evaporator of the air condition ...

In the cascade system shown in the figure, the refrigerants in both cycles are assumed to be the same. This is not necessary, ho ...

622 | Thermodynamics (In practice, the working fluid of the lower cycle is at a higher pressure and temperature in the heat exch ...

Multistage Compression Refrigeration Systems When the fluid used throughout the cascade refrigeration system is the same, the he ...

624 | Thermodynamics EXAMPLE 11–4 A Two-Stage Refrigeration Cycle with a Flash Chamber Consider a two-stage compression refriger ...

Chapter 11 | 625 and The enthalpy at state 9 is determined from an energy balance on the mixing chamber, Also, s 9 0.9416 kJ/kg ...

economical approach would be to route all the exit streams from the evapora- tors to a single compressor and let it handle the c ...

At temperatures above the critical-point value, a substance exists in the gas phase only. The critical temperatures of helium, h ...

This and other refrigeration cycles used for the liquefaction of gases can also be used for the solidification of gases. 11–8 ■ ...

All the processes described are internally reversible, and the cycle exe- cuted is the idealgas refrigeration cycle. In actual g ...

The regenerative gas cycle is shown in Fig. 11–19. Regenerative cooling is achieved by inserting a counter-flow heat exchanger i ...

11–9 ■ ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS Another form of refrigeration that becomes economically attractive when there is a sourc ...

To understand the basic principles involved in absorption refrigeration, we examine the NH 3 –H 2 O system shown in Fig. 11–21. ...

hot NH 3 H 2 O solution, which is weak in NH 3 , then passes through a regenerator, where it transfers some heat to the rich so ...

decreasing source temperature, about 12.5 percent for each 6°C (10°F ) drop in the source temperature. For example, the capacity ...