Analytical Chemistry

are both used for this purpose and will extract uranium, actinides and lanthanides as well as many other metals. The extractable ...

suitable counter-ion. Two examples of charged chelates extractable by chloroform are the Fe(II)-o- phenanthroline cation using p ...

Table 4.5 Extraction of metal chloro complexes into diethyl ether Metal 0.3 M 1.4 M HCl (M) 2.9 M 4.4 M 6 M % extracted Au(III) ...

Continuous extraction consists of distilling the organic solvent from a reservoir flask, condensing it and allowing it to pass t ...

Figure 4.3 Continuous extraction apparatus. (a) Extraction with a solvent lighter than water. (b) Extraction with a solvent heav ...

Figure 4.4 Two interlocking glass units for Craig counter-current distribution. (a) Position during extraction. (b) Position dur ...

Figure 4.5 Extraction scheme for a single solute by Craig counter-current distribution. (Figures represent the proportions in ea ...

Figure 4.6 Effect of the number n of equilibrations on solute distributions for a distribution ratio D = 1. ratios in some cases ...

4.2— Solid Phase Extraction Summary Principles Selective transfer of material in sub-microgram to milligram quantities between a ...

Table 4.7 Typical SPE sorbents and interaction mechanisms Sorbent Polarity Interaction mechanisms silica, SiO 2 Florisil, MgSiO ...

polyethylene fritted discs. The sorbent generally occupies only the lower half of the cartridge, leaving ...

space above to accommodate several millilitres of the sample solution or washing and eluting solvents. Depth filters can also be ...

...

Figure 4.8 Diagrammatic representations of SPE interactions. ...

Figure 4.9 Principle of solid phase extraction. ...

15 μl) thus minimizing solvent consumption in the rinsing and elution steps, improving selectivity and facilitating high solvent ...

Figure 4.10 SPME sampling device. Extraction is an equilibrium process that is affected by temperature, analyte and other sample ...

volatiles in foodstuffs by headspace analysis, and in the detection of drugs and their metabolites in urine, blood and breath sa ...

exchange and exclusion. The original method employed by Tswett involved surface adsorption where the relative polarities of solu ...

axis. In such cases, the concentration profiles will be asymmetrical or skewed, an appearance described as tailing (Figure 4.11( ...