Cities of God: The Religion of the Italian Communes 1125-1325

 306 BuoniCattolici collapse later, but all who had been absolved escaped—only the one man who had refused to confess was kille ...

Feasting,Fasting,andDoingPenance 307  with a deacon at his side. His clergy assembled in silence around him. The bishop rose an ...

 308 BuoniCattolici The reconciled were now fully restored to the bosom of the church. All present recited the Confiteor in pre ...

Chapter Eight Resurrection and Renewal  Thirteenth-century Christians were made, not born. They were made when, as children, th ...

 310 BuoniCattolici his killing of pregnant women to prevent the baptism of their unborn chil- dren.^6 Merely to neglect baptis ...

Resurrection andRenewal 311  actual.^13 Especially for children in danger of death, baptism was not to be deferred. When, as a ...

 312 BuoniCattolici a consequence one acquires citizenship through baptism.’’^18 There were other ways to become a citizen. At ...

Resurrection andRenewal 313  on the two great feasts, and these became the days of the ‘‘solemn bap- tisms.’’^25 Outlying commu ...

 314 BuoniCattolici tisms be done during Holy Week, at least in cathedral churches, so that there would be at least a small gro ...

Resurrection andRenewal 315  convert, perhaps rarely from Judaism or more rarely from Islam, this candi- date was still examine ...

 316 BuoniCattolici should wear their faith publicly and not hide it. Popular sentiment consid- ered this signing and breathing ...

Resurrection andRenewal 317  Christ’s genealogy from Matthew, in particular, reminded the hearers that the names of the catechu ...

 318 BuoniCattolici with the bishop to some point outside the walls. There, after a prayer, the deacon chanted from Matthew the ...

Resurrection andRenewal 319  mere priest had to substitute, they carried them inverted.^60 People brought branches home; these ...

 320 BuoniCattolici illuminating the arctic darkness. The choir sang, the bishop preached, and the procession returned to the c ...

Resurrection andRenewal 321  importance. Secular business resumed Monday to Wednesday, and only Wednesday’s solemn fast had an ...

 322 BuoniCattolici rona, the unity of the clergy and their link with Christ and the apostles were symbolized by having twelve ...

Resurrection andRenewal 323  of sin through baptism (water) and the Eucharist (wine).^83 At Siena, the strip- ping of altars wa ...

 324 BuoniCattolici day. After a prostration and the opening collect came the scriptural readings and a sermon by the bishop. H ...

Resurrection andRenewal 325  Meanwhile, the clergy sang that great hymn of Venantius Fortunatus ( 530 – 604 ), the ‘‘Pange Ling ...