Understanding and Teaching the Pronunciation of English.pdf

Compound verb A combination of two words that together make a new verb, such as put on, print out, or get on. Many compound verb ...

Connected speech The changes in pronunciation that happen when words come together and are linked to the words around them. Rela ...

Consonant A sound in which the air stream meets some obstacles in the mouth on its way up from the lungs. Words like big, map, a ...

Consonant blends or consonant clusters Combinations of letters that represent a sequence of sounds, such as “str” in “street” or ...

Consonant chart A table that shows all the consonants of a language, categorizing them by place of articulation, manner of artic ...

Consonant cluster Combinations of letters that represent a sequence of sounds, such as “str” in “street” or “mp” in “lamp.” Also ...

Content words Words that have lexical meaning rather than grammatical meaning, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and qu ...

Continuants Consonant sounds that continue out of the vocal tract without being completely blocked o": fricatives, nasals, liqui ...

Contractions and blends Two words that blend together to make a shorter word. If the two-word combination is commonly written as ...

Contrastive analysis Comparing the sound systems of L1 and L2 to determine what sounds might be most di#cult for learners. The i ...

Contrastive stress When prominence is given to two words that are in contrast in order to bring attention to the di"erence betwe ...

Critical period hypothesis A theory in linguistics that suggests that there is an ideal time for children to learn language last ...

Cuisenaire rods Rectangular rods of various lengths and colors. They are often used to teach math to children, but they can also ...

Decoding skills The ability to recognize written words that follow predictable spelling patterns—to “sound out” words by putting ...

Deductive teaching The teacher explains a rule, pattern, or generalization, and then students practice using what they’ve learne ...

Deletion A sound change in normal connected speech in which a sound may disappear or not be clearly pronounced in certain contex ...

Dental model A model of the teeth like those used by dentists to teach children how to brush their teeth. This is a very useful ...

Dental or interdental A place of articulation that describes sounds pronounced with the tip of the tongue softly touching the ba ...

Descriptive rules Language rules that are written to describe how people talk and to make generalizations about how language wor ...

Dialect or variety of a language A form of a language that is associated with a particular place or social group. A dialect can ...