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132 CHAPTER 7 difference between fungi and other organisms indicates a clear, and ancient, evolutionary divergence. Secondary me ...

FUNGAL METABOLISM AND FUNGAL PRODUCTS 133 is argued that these intermediates are shunted into sec- ondary metabolic pathways, wh ...

have no other role except in secondary metabolism. It is shown in outline in Fig. 7.13. In this case the precursor is acetyl-CoA ...

Fig. 7.15Outline of the isoprenoid pathway for synthesis of sterols, several fungal pheromones, several mycotoxins, and the ceph ...

136 CHAPTER 7 this pathway include the mycotoxins of Fusariumspp. that grow on moist grain, such as T-2 toxinand the trichothece ...

FUNGAL METABOLISM AND FUNGAL PRODUCTS 137 prevented Fleming from producing penicillin con- sistently, but which Florey and Chain ...

138 CHAPTER 7 In another form, gangrenous ergotism, the blood cap- illaries contract, causing oxygen starvation and serious dama ...

FUNGAL METABOLISM AND FUNGAL PRODUCTS 139 The toxicity of all these compounds depends on the presence of a double bond on the en ...

140 CHAPTER 7 Sporidesmin The mitosporic fungus Pithomyces chartarumis a sapro- troph that grows on the accumulated dead leaf sh ...

FUNGAL METABOLISM AND FUNGAL PRODUCTS 141 cause for concern, they could present a potential hazard through long-term, low-dosage ...

Chapter 8 Environmental conditions for growth, and tolerance of extremes This chapter is divided into the following major sectio ...

common in self-heating composts (Chapter 11) and can also be isolated from materials such as birds’ nests and sun-heated tropica ...

prehistoric iceman recently discovered in Siberia (Robinson 2001). Several cold-tolerant fungi are found in more famil- iar envi ...

Fig. 2.9), normally grows on soil or dung, but also grows on cold-stored meat, which it degrades by producing proteases. Perhaps ...

Saturated fatty acids are less fluid than unsaturated fatty acids at any given temperature (compare the fluidity of margarine, w ...

mycelial fungi (Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusariumspp.) which will grow at pH 2.0. But their pH optimum in culture is usuall ...

mapping the pH around stomata on leaf surfaces with microelectrodes. A pH gradient of more than 1 unit was found around closed s ...

which always ferment. Fungi of this type are found in nutrient-enriched waters, where fermentable sub- strates are abundant. 4 A ...

part of its genome and independent existence, to become a cellular organelle. There are likely to have been repeated instances o ...

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 151 Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain ribosomes, which closely resemble the ribosomes of prokaryot ...