Green Chemistry and the Ten Commandments

leaving FeSO 4 salt in solution. The copper salt, CuSO 4 , is also known to exist. So one might believe that it could be prepare ...

sulfuric acid are common materials that should be recycled and the synthesis of FeSO 4 by the direct reaction of the two can pre ...

This result shows that even with 100% yield, the reaction is only 34.0% atom economical and if it were used as a means to prepar ...

synthesized from other molecules by enzyme action. Obviously enzymes are very important in life processes. Catalysts speed up re ...

An example of a useful decomposition reaction is the high-temperature decomposition of methane, CH 4 (g) ∆ C(s) + 2H 2 (g) (4.6. ...

CaCl 2 (aq) + Na 2 CO 3 (aq) → CaCO 3 (s) + 2NaCl(aq) (4.6.7) the Ca^2 + ion in calcium chloride simply switches places with the ...

2Ca + O 2 → 2CaO (4.7.1) Ca + O O + Ca O^2 - Ca2+ O^2 - Ca2+ Combining with oxygen, Ca is oxidized. Whenever something is oxidiz ...

in which solar energy (hν) from sunlight is used by plants to produce glucose sugar, C 6 H 12 O 6 , a high-energy compound that ...

Oxidation-reduction reactions are the most important kinds of reactions considered in green chemistry. That is true in part beca ...

Consider a typical chemical reaction, in this case the combustion of ethane, a hydrocarbon fuel with a chemical formula of C 2 H ...

As required by the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of products equals the total mass of reactants. In the following ...

Note that in this calculation units cancel above and below the line, starting with units of g C 2 H 6. Now that the mass of O 2 ...

Exercise: Calculate the mass of O 2 that reacts and the masses of the products when 100 g of benzoic acid, C 7 H 6 O 2 undergo t ...

Percent Yield The mass of product calculated from the mass of limiting reactant in a chemical reaction is called the stoichiomet ...

Buret for accurate measurement of varying volumes Pipet for quanti- tative transfer of solution Volumetric flask cont ...

M = mass of solute (4.11.3) (molar mass of solute) × (number of liters of solution) A solution of known concentration that is ad ...

MHCl = MNaOH × LitersNaOH LitersHCl^ (4.11.8) Converting the volumes given from mL to liters and substituting into this equation ...

MassCa(OH) 2 = 0.0422 L HCl × 0.112 mol HCl × 1 mol Ca(OH) 2 × 74.1 g Ca(OH) 2 1 L HCl 2 mol HCl 1 mol Ca(OH) 2 (4.11.15) MassCa ...

a means of making ammonia developed by Haber and Bosch in Germany in 1913. However, as shown below, the ammonia is recycled, so ...

CaCO 3 + 2NaCl → Na 2 CO 3 + CaCl 2 (4.12.7) Using the atomic masses Ca 40.0, C 12.0, O 16.0, and Cl 35.5 gives the molar masses ...