Lubricant Additives
4 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications 1.11.2 Bulk Oil Oxidation Test ............................................... ...
Antioxidants 5 Boron compounds Other organometallic compounds 1.2 SULFUR COMPOUNDS The initial concepts of using antioxidants ...
6 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications with metals to form oil-soluble metal phenates. These metal phenates play the ...
Antioxidants 7 ammonium polythiomolybdate with appropriate tetralkylthiuram disulfi des were found to be supe- rior to dinuclear ...
8 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications antioxidants in some petroleum base oils, and many patents have been issued on ...
Antioxidants 9 barium, molybdenum, or calcium oxides are usually chosen. For more than 60 years, zinc salts of dialkylthiophosph ...
10 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications and antifriction properties [94]. Novel trinuclear molybdenum dialkyldithioph ...
Antioxidants 11 To make ADPAs, diphenylamine is reacted with an appropriate alkylating agent such as alcohol, alkyl halide, alip ...
12 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications or cross-oligomers of the ADPAs with substituted N-phenyl-α(β)-naphthylamine ...
Antioxidants 13 1.6.2 PHENOL DERIVATIVES Phenols, especially the sterically hindered phenols are another class of antioxidants b ...
14 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications TABLE 1.2Structure, Physical Properties, and Typical Applications of Commerci ...
Antioxidants 15 3,5-Di- tert -butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, C –C 7 alkyl ester 9 O C − 7 C^9 O HO Liquid at 25°C > 5 Eng ...
16 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications reacting alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid anhydride with an appropriate amine m ...
Antioxidants 17 More complex compounds obtained from further reactions of copper salts have also been reported to be effective a ...
18 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications abrasive boric acid. Following attempts have been made to address the issue w ...
Antioxidants 19 Antioxidants are essential additives incorporated in lubricant formulations to delay the onset of autoxidation a ...
20 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications 1.10.1.3.2 Aldehyde or Ketone Formation RR HCOii→RCHO R (1.8) RR R CO →R ...
Antioxidants 21 1.10.2.1 Metal Catalysis 1.10.2.1.1 Init iat ion Step MRHMHR (n 1)→ n i (1.13) MOM O n 2 (n 1) 2 → ...
22 Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications are on the horizon, and their use is expected to grow in large scale in the c ...
Antioxidants 23 the presence of highly reactive benzylic hydrogen atoms. Kramer et al. [193] demonstrated that the oxidative rat ...
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