A Critical History of Greek Philosophy
Chapter 26 CHAPTER XIII ARISTOTLE Life, Writings, and general character of his Work. Aristotle was born in 384 B.C. at Stagiru ...
with young men of marked ability, the brilliant student may have suffered from the impatience and self-assertion of youth. There ...
Alexander had been regarded in Greece much as Napoleon was regarded in Europe a century ago. He had insulted the free Greek citi ...
ethical and political books, and lastly the “Metaphysics,” which he left unfinished. It must not be forgotten that Aristotle was ...
nothing of the agreement. But no man is a judge of his own deeper relations to his predecessors and contemporaries. It is only i ...
introducinga priorireasonings when they were quite out of place. Thus he does not scruple to argue that the stars must move in c ...
atively modern times. His name therefore is more espe- cially associated with deductive logic, of which he was the founder. He n ...
polemic against Plato’s theory of Ideas, because his own system was in effect simply an attempt to overcome the defects which he ...
men, and therefore there is an Idea of man. But there is also an element common to the individual man and to the Idea of man. Th ...
from the gold. But it is equally true that the gold cannot exist apart from its qualities. Strip off all its qualities in though ...
but these causes explain nothing as to why death should be in the world at all. Now if we accept this distinction, we may say th ...
eration, to be excluded from the modern idea of causation. For, though the efficient cause is the energy which produces motion, ...
matter itself does not produce its motion. Wood is not the cause of its becoming a bed, nor is brass the cause of its becoming a ...
of becoming or motion. That is to say, the final cause is the real efficient cause. We may see this better by an example. The en ...
we must be careful that we do not confuse the particular with the individual. We often use these two words as prac- tically syno ...
individual object is a compound of matter and form. But it has lost the highest part of its form, and relatively to the living h ...
potentiality into actuality, of matter into form. Since matter is in itself nothing, a bare unrealised capacity, while form is a ...
it is no longer necessary to assume a first principle at all. But if time is a mere appearance, this whole way of looking at thi ...
as absolute end, God includes all lower ends. And as the end of each thing is the completed perfection of the thing, so, as abso ...
A modern will naturally ask whether Aristotle’s God is personal. It does not do to be very dogmatic upon the point. Aristotle, l ...
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