Instant Notes: Plant Biology

lowering the concentration of O 2 in the nodule. The nodfamilyin the bacterium encodes enzymes that synthesize NOD factors(see a ...

Section M – Interactions between plants and other organisms M3 Interactions between plants and animals Plants provide a wide ran ...

bugs and grasshoppers eat a range of plants but many insects, particularly the larvae of moths and butterflies, some beetles and ...

Europe very few are. This implies that there is a cost to producing secondary compounds (Topic J5). In temperate latitudes it ha ...

changes in the community with mammals creating open spaces which may then suffer drought. The drought may kill many of the mamma ...

Section M – Interactions between plants and other organisms M4 Fungal pathogens and endophytes Different fungal species possess ...

strain, the other – strain) are produced which infect the wheat. The wheat then producesuredospores, which spread the infection ...

binding of a product of the pathogen (an elicitor) to a receptorin the plant plasma membrane (Fig. 2). In some instances, a hype ...

best known, ergot(Claviceps purpurea), grows in ryeand generates lysergic acid amide, the precursor of lysergic acid diethylamin ...

Section M – Interactions between plants and other organisms M5 Bacteria, mycoplasma, viruses and heterokonts Bacterial diseases ...

and coconuts can all be seriously affected. Phytoplasmas normally infect sieve tubes. They are conveyed from plant to plant by v ...

Section M – Interactions between plants and other organisms M6 Parasites and saprophytes The great majority of plants use only s ...

New Caledonia may be partially parasitic on other conifers). About 60% of plant parasites are attached to the roots of their hos ...

The most serious pests are species of witchweed, Striga, particularly S. hermonthica, which seriously reduce yields of maize, ri ...

saprophytic plant via the mycorrhizae. In their form and color the fully sapro- phytic plants closely resemble root parasites. T ...

Section M – Interactions between plants and other organisms M7 Carnivorous plants Carnivorous plants trap animals using speciali ...

and the pitchers look alike through similar life style, and are a remarkable example of convergent evolution. Details of the str ...

in the motor cells if the hairs are stimulated several times. How this trigger works is still little known. This shuts the two h ...

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Section N – Human uses of plants N1 Plants as food Key Notes Numerous species are edible but we rely on only 20 species for 90% ...