Instant Notes: Plant Biology

Section J – Metabolism J4 Respiration and carbohydrate metabolism Key Notes Starch is the major carbohydrate storage product of ...

The chief carbohydrate storage products from photosynthesis are sugarsand starch. These are respired by plant cells to provide A ...

α-amylase, dextrinase, α-glucosidase or phosphorolytic enzymes, starch phosphorylase. Starch breakdown occurs initially in the p ...

The mitochondrial electron transport chaingeneratesATPfrom the products of the citric acid cycle. In it, electrons removed from ...

the predicted development of the turgor gradient that drives transport. The presence of sieve plates and the associated P-protei ...

J4 – Respiration and carbohydrate metabolism 153 H 2 O H 2 O H 2 O H 2 O H 2 O H 2 O H 2 O H 2 O Xylem Phloem Companioncell Sour ...

Section J – Metabolism J5 AMINO ACID, LIPID, POLYSACCHARIDE AND SECONDARY PRODUCT METABOLISM Key Notes Acetyl CoA, pyruvate and ...

Fig. 1illustrates that pyruvate,acetyl CoAand the citric acid cycle(Topic J4) are central in the production of many compounds. T ...

Transaminationreactions involve the transfer of an amino group from one compound to another. For instance, asparagine synthase(A ...

Plant cells produce a range of monosaccharides, from 3-carbon triose sugars such as dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde to 6-car ...

Sucrose synthesisoccurs in the cytoplasm by one of two routes as a result of the activity of two enzymes, sucrose phosphate synt ...

Table 1. Plant secondary products Family of compounds Biosynthesis Examples Examples of key producers Terpenoids, isoprenoids; M ...

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Section K – Plant communities and populations K1 Physical factors and plant distribution Key Notes All plants have the same basi ...

Plants are dependent on external temperature and solar radiation, water supplies, and nutrients, normally in the soil, for their ...

with it nutrient supply, becomes limiting (Topic I1). In these environments, bryophytesbecome particularly common since they abs ...

geologyand certain elements, such as calcium, are most common in alkaline conditions, but in these soils iron may be limiting. L ...

evidence that about 120 million years ago there were only two continents and the first flowering plants were appearing. The subs ...

fluctuations have led to major changes in the range of plant communities in the northern hemisphere with large areas of Europe a ...

Section K – Plant communities and populations K2 Plant communities Key Notes Plants define the biological communities of the wor ...