The Sociology of Philosophies

humanism” based on Buddhist compassion for all sentient beings. Despite his naive or opportunistic dallying with militaristic se ...

Conclusions to Part I: The Ingredients of Intellectual Life For a long time the West has regarded Asia as exotic. Even today in ...

periods of intellectual life, those tumultuous golden ages of simultaneous innovations, occur when several rival circles interse ...

tional structures which later turn out to be stagnant, such as the Han bureauc- racy, foster creativity at the moment of transit ...

religious secularization—a China-Japan sequence which parallels on separate tracks the Christian dynamic culminating in modern s ...

The differentiation of disciplines, and the routinization of the impetus to innovate, have shaped the reflexively modern world w ...

...

COMPARATIVE HISTORY OF INTELLECTUAL COMMUNITIES Part II: Western Paths £ ...

...

CHAPTER 8 £ Tensions of Indigenous and Imported Ideas: Islam, Judaism, Christendom Philosophy in the medieval societies of the W ...

creative aspects of idea imports, in the usual context of multi-sided intellectual conflict which drives creativity everywhere. ...

commentaries on the Vedic hymns, but also for new mythological collections (the Puranas down through 1500 a.d.) and poetic epics ...

This devious path from enforced doctrinal orthodoxy to critical epistemol- ogy is not found unless religion is state-enforced. T ...

Belief in it is an obligation and raising questions regarding it is a heresy” (Fakhry, 1983: xvii). But Malik, against his own i ...

the weapons which the intellectual community forged in order to carry out its struggles over the turf of theology. By a further ...

Height of the ‘Abbasid Caliphate, 800 c.e. ...

wars, and from 750 administered an empire centralized at Baghdad.^4 After 830 the caliphate began to lose de facto power to regi ...

in opposition to at least some part of the status quo around the Islamic world; and they sometimes looked for allies among unort ...

FIGURE 8.1. ISLAMIC AND JEWISH PHILOSOPHERS AND SCIENTISTS, 700–935: BASRA AND BAGHDAD SCHOOLS (all at Baghdad unless marked) 39 ...

had become an issue because of an early political dispute over the legitimacy of the caliphate. The succession had been won by v ...