0195136047.pdf

254 ANALOG BUILDING BLOCKS AND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS vo f 0 High pass Resultant bandpass characteristic Low pass vi f Figure 5. ...

5.4 APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 255 Rf 0.707R i Rf Ri vo f 0 BW fl fh vi f Figure 5.4.17Frequency response of voltage ...

256 ANALOG BUILDING BLOCKS AND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS − + + vo + xy − vi + − vi R Ri − + kvi − Rf Rf A = A y = −Ax (a) (b) Ri − ...

5.6 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: A CASE STUDY 257 y = −∫ t 0 ydτ^ +^ y(0) −y y . y. . y = −a ..... 1 y −^ a 2 y +^ f ... .. y −f y 0 y ...

258 ANALOG BUILDING BLOCKS AND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS Booster cylinder Piston linked to steering Mechanical feedback linkage arm ...

PROBLEMS 259 5.1.6Consider Example 5.1.2. LetA=1 andRi=Ro. Show that no matter what values ofRThandRLare used, the power gain as ...

260 ANALOG BUILDING BLOCKS AND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS expression forGPfor the case whenRi 1 =Ri 2 = Ri, andRo 1 =Ro 2 =Ro. 5.1.1 ...

PROBLEMS 261 5.2.6Determinevo/vifor the circuit shown in Figure P5.2.6 if the op amps are ideal. 5.2.7Findvo/vifor the circuit s ...

262 ANALOG BUILDING BLOCKS AND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS *5.2.9Consider the noninverting amplifier of Example 5.2.2. LetRi=1kandRf ...

PROBLEMS 263 5.3.4In order to minimize output voltage offsets in practical op-amp circuits, one provides a dc path from each inp ...

264 ANALOG BUILDING BLOCKS AND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS *5.4.1An op amp has a finite gain of only 50, but is otherwise ideal. For ...

PROBLEMS 265 *5.4.7In the noninverting summing amplifier of Figure 5.4.4, letRd=1kandM=6. FindRfso that vo= ∑ 6 m= 1 vim. 5.4.8 ...

266 ANALOG BUILDING BLOCKS AND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS − + 200 Ω va 100 Ω 500 Ω 100 Ω vb v i 1 i 2 v vo Figure P5.4.13 − + vi vo ...

PROBLEMS 267 − + vo i 2 i 1 i i v 1 2 V 0 5 V −5 V 12 t, ms 3 0 VA C = 0.5 μF (a) (b) S R 1 = 5 kΩ v 2 R 2 = 1 kΩ v 1 v 2 Figure ...

6 Digital Building Blocks and Computer Systems 6.1 Digital Building Blocks 6.2 Digital System Components 6.3 Computer Systems 6. ...

DIGITAL BUILDING BLOCKS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS 269 3 v 1 v 2 t t 2 0 T 1 T 2 T 3 T 4 T 1 T 4 T 2 T 3 1 (a) (b) − 1 − 2 − 3 0 Figur ...

270 DIGITAL BUILDING BLOCKS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS f(t) t v t t 0 t 1 f 1 = 1 f 0 = 0 t 2 t 3 t 4 t 5 t 6 (a) (b) (c) (d) v t v t ...

6.1 DIGITAL BUILDING BLOCKS 271 6.1 Digital Building Blocks The primary advantage of digital technology is the low cost, simplic ...

272 DIGITAL BUILDING BLOCKS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS 101 + 6 × 100 + 4 × 10 −^1 + 7 × 10 −^2. The radix or base is 10, whereas the m ...

6.1 DIGITAL BUILDING BLOCKS 273 as a string of any combination of the 8 digits. In order to convert octal to decimal, one follow ...