political science

parliament man) and four position roles (parliamentary private secretary, whip, junior minister, minister). Searing found many p ...

moderate correlations between legislators’ votes and public opinion. Achen ( 1975 ) corrected the Miller–Stokes constituency opi ...

House for theWrst time since 1954 ), 84 percent of Democratic Representatives seeking an additional term won (Jacobson 2004 , 23 ...

leadership system in the House that gave the Speaker and his aides more informa- tion. These reforms weakened most norms, especi ...

eVective, simply because many congressmen care more about voting as they seeWt, either for ideological or political reasons, tha ...

While American congressmen seem to move toward the European pattern of legislative behavior, there are signs that their European ...

party and constituency. Instead, they are increasingly using their new resources to assert their own inXuence within the party—a ...

percent of the time.With high levels of polarization, this should be a recipe for legislative stalemate. Yet, Mayhew ( 1991 ) ar ...

parliamentary systems, we should shift our emphasis away from roll calls toward behavior such as campaign strategies, constituen ...

Converse, P. E. and Pierce,R. 1986 .Political Representation in France. Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge University Press. Cooper, J. ...

Mayhew,D.R. 1966 .Party Loyalty Among Congressmen. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. —— 1974 .Congress: The Electoral ...

Uslaner,E.M. 1993 .The Decline of Comity in Congress. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. —— 1999 .The Movers and the Shirk ...

chapter 24 ..................................................................................................................... ...

theory’’ (Smith 2003 , 3 ). A useful preliminary step is to recognize the two families of bicameralism exempliWed in the existin ...

interests. The second tendency has bicameralism promote more robust democratic public deliberation through political participati ...

1993 , and Scotland in 1999. Many of these are examples of ‘‘two into one’’ stories, where the discarded upper houses were typic ...

2DefiningIssues ................................................................................................................ ...

French bicameralism, for example, combines elements of both parliamentary and presidential systems, with the upper house represe ...

many traditional studies conWned themselves to examinations of two institutions managing legislative power, contemporary studies ...

view of the appropriateness of the policy priorities of the political executive, which initiates the vast bulk of parliamentary ...