Left and Right in Global Politics
the world appeared more democratic than ever. Indeed, UN mem- bership had risen from 51 countries in 1945 to 153 in 1980, due fo ...
economic institutions, the demands of the South were considered utopian and too costly. Yet more fundamentally, the objectives o ...
were expected to first mobilize their own domestic savings. Yet they could also rely on foreign investment, the impact of transn ...
idea that the pursuit of international justice stood as a moral impera- tive. Motivated by an ethics that looked upon the inequi ...
core of rich countries and a periphery of poor states: at the end of the 1970s, the North – 25 percent of the world population – ...
exports from developing countries were of little help because they remained subject to excessive protectionist barriers. In addi ...
access to foreign technology and to regulate restrictive business prac- tices. The generalized system of preferences, an agreeme ...
management policies, the rise of trade unions and collective bar- gaining, the expansion of the welfare state, the power and pre ...
6 The triumph of market democracy (1980–2007) On November 8, 1989, a faltering East German government declared, in a context of ...
the 1990s, a genuine “explosion of democratization” took place, to reach several countries that had never been democracies, in A ...
Focusing on the rise of monetarism and neoliberalism, the first two sections consider the shift of advanced democracies from an ...
simply would not use money, however abundant, to buy or invest. When such “liquidity traps” developed, the money supply proved i ...
inflation “was rising in the hierarchy of national problems, simply because there was more of it,” but “it was not an issue abou ...
could not do. For opponents, admitted Keynesian economist Alex Leijonhufvud, “it was a debacle.”^17 “By 1980,” added Alan Blinde ...
“animal spirits.” For persons acting in such uncertain conditions, economic signals from the government seemed precious, indeed ...
the role of economic freedom as “a necessary condition for political freedom.”^24 The economist once again made his case for leg ...
central bank – opted rapidly and unambiguously for a restrictive monetary policy to combat inflation, even though the federal go ...
repeated that there was “no alternative” and stated in no ambiguous terms that “the lady’s not for turning.”^34 In reality, the ...
Reagan implemented important tax cuts but did not reduce spending as much, which contributed to an “unprecedented increase in th ...
to full employment, however, had been displaced, in favor of a stronger stance against inflation and public deficits, and a clea ...
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