The Microbiology of Anaerobic Digesters
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4 Respiration 31 Respiration is one of many cellular processes. For the purpose of this text, respira- tion is considered to be ...
32 RESPIRATION of bicarbonate alkalinity (HCO 3 – ) as its carbon source.Nitrobacter winogradskiis found in activated sludge and ...
RESPIRATION 33 For a final electron carrier molecule to be used by a bacterium, the molecule must be available and the bacterium ...
34 RESPIRATION Adenine Ribose Phosphate Phosphate Phosphate High Energy Bonds Adenosine diposphate (ADP) Adenosine triphosphate ...
RESPIRATION 35 cells. Incomplete respiration results in the transfer of the carbon in the organic sub- strate to carbon dioxide, ...
36 RESPIRATION NO 3 – is used next, if the bacteria have the enzymatic ability to use nitrate ions. The use of NO 3 – provides t ...
RESPIRATION 37 TABLE 4.6 Groups of Chemolithotrophs Found in Wastewater Treatment Plants Group Substrate Product Ammonium oxidiz ...
38 RESPIRATION Sulfates, carbonates (CO 3 2–), and bicarbonates are the primary electron carrier molecules for facultative anaer ...
5 Anaerobic Food Chain 39 In natural habitats that are void of free molecular oxygen and nitrate ions, insolu- ble and complex o ...
40 ANAEROBIC FOOD CHAIN 4H 2 + CO 3 2–+ 2H+ÆCH 4 + 3H 2 O (5.3) Methane is the most reduced organic compound. The production of ...
ANAEROBIC FOOD CHAIN 41 acetate. Examples of compounds that can be converted to acetate include butyrate and propionate. Within ...
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6 Fermentation 43 The term “fermentation” was first used by Pasteur to define respiration in the absence of free molecular oxyge ...
Some products of fermentative bacteria such as acetate and formate can be used as substrate for methane-forming bacteria. Some p ...
nongaseous acetate. These organisms include bacteria in the genera Acetobacterium, Clostridium, and Sporomusa. Some acetogenic b ...
ALCOHOL (ETHANOL) FERMENTATION Although alcohol fermentation is the domain of yeast (mostly Saccharomyces), alcohol is produced ...
PROPIONATE AND SUCCINATE FERMENTATION Anaerobic propionibacteria or propionate-forming bacteria (Table 6.4) ferment glucose and ...
methanogens. Chemolithotrophic methanogens produce methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen (Equation 6.13) or formate (Equation ...
For methane production to occur in municipal anaerobic digesters, complex, insoluble organic compounds must be converted to simp ...
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