The Microbiology of Anaerobic Digesters
The production of acetate through fermentation is accompanied by the produc- tion of hydrogen. Acetate-forming bacteria produce ...
7 Anaerobic Digestion Stages 51 The anaerobic digestion process and production of methane is divided into stages. Three stages o ...
tion once the chemical bonds are broken. Hydrolytic bacteria or facultative anaer- obes and anaerobes that are capable of perfor ...
in water, the joining of the many mers of glucose by unique chemical bonds results in the production of the insoluble polymer ce ...
must be hydrolyzed to glucose and fructose (Equation 7.2). After hydrolysis glucose and fructose can enter a bacterial cell and ...
acids, some organic-nitrogen compounds, and some organic-sulfur compounds. (Table 7.1). The most important of the acids is aceta ...
results in little change in the organic strength of the compounds. Some of the organic compounds are converted to organic acids ...
can be used as a substrate by methane-forming bacteria. The production of acetate is accomplished through the activity of acetog ...
...
PART II SUBSTRATES, PRODUCTS, AND BIOGAS ...
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8 Substrates and Products 61 In chemical reactions there are reactants and products (Equation 8.1). During chem- ical reactions, ...
rate of biochemical reactions. However, enzymes, unlike chemical catalysts, are not altered or consumed during the reaction (Equ ...
CARBOHYDRATES Carbohydrates are synthesized in the green leaves of plants by the conversion of carbon dioxide into glucose durin ...
outside the cell through the use of exoenzymes (Figure 8.2). Once hydrolyzed, the smaller, soluble sugars enter the cell, where ...
monomers have identical chemical formulae, for example, glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) and fructose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), they are structura ...
several enzymatic steps to ensure their hydrolysis and degradation. Because of their insoluble nature, complex structure, and ne ...
There are numerous groups of lipids. The lipids most often wasted to a munici- pal anaerobic digester include fats and oils. The ...
units are known as polyunsaturated fatty acids, for example, linoleic acid. Palmitic acid and stearic acid are the most abundant ...
PROTEINS 69 CH 3 CH 2 COOH NH 2 Alanine (aliphatic amino acid) CH 2 CHCOOH NH 2 Phenylalanine (cyclic amino acid) Figure 8.6 O R ...
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