Biophotonics_Concepts_to_Applications
450 cm^1 x¼ln 0: 368 ¼ 0 : 9997 which yields x = 2.22× 10 −^3 cm = 0.022 mm. 6.3.2 Rayleigh Scattering Rayleigh scattering ...
A 8 p^2 a^2 r^2 1 þcos^2 h be afixed quantity. Then the relative intensity Is/I 0 is shown in Fig.6.14as a function of λ. Th ...
where x = 2πnba/λ. The scattering efficiency gives the ratio of the energy scattered by a particle to the total energy in the in ...
6.3.4 Inelastic (Raman) Scattering A major type of inelastic scattering isRaman scatteringof photons by their interaction with a ...
is transferred from the photon to the molecule, or the molecule can transfer some energy to the photon. The molecular transition ...
For attenuation that is exclusively due to absorptiona= 0, whereasa= 1 when only scattering occurs. For the casea= 0.5, the coef ...
components depend strongly on wavelength, there are significant variations in the penetration depth of the light from lasers ope ...
The pulse duration for a pulsed laser The temporal profile of the pulse duration (the irradiance variation with time during the ...
energy JðÞ¼power WðÞtime sðÞð 6 : 23 Þ Thus, if the power is doubled and the time is halved, the same energy is delivered to th ...
Photoablation: When electrons in a molecule absorb high-energy UV photons, the electrons can be raised to such high non-bonding ...
Table 6.3 Summary for six generic laser-tissue interaction effects Interaction mode Tissue effect Typical sources Exposure time ...
basement membrane (a thin connective tissue). The photons involved in photo- biomodulation usually are attenuated before they re ...
ROS are chemically active molecules (e.g., superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) that are involved in cell signaling, regulation of ...
bacteria [ 39 – 42 ]. The applications of PDT include treatment of acne, age-related macular degeneration, arteriosclerosis, and ...
Their main uses are for intraluminal PDT, such as in arteries or veins, in the esophagus, in gastrointestinal tracts, in urinary ...
interactions and can be generated by either CW or pulsed laser light. The energy that produces thermal reactions is significantl ...
Hereρis the tissue density (given in gm/cm^3 ) and C is the heat capacity (given in J/gm/°C). To a good approximation the valueρ ...
thickening, varicose veins, vascular lesions, unwanted hair, age spots, surgical and acne scars, and pigmented lesions. The phot ...
1550-nm erbium-doped opticalfiber lasers have been used for treatment of facial and nonfacial cutaneous photodamage and resurfa ...
To have a phenomenological understanding of the tissue photoablation process, consider two atoms that are bound by a common elec ...
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