Vertebrate Development Maternal to Zygotic Control (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology)

112 phatase 2A show strongly reduced ability to dephosphorylate substrates of p34cdc2. J Cell Sci 107(Pt 9):2609–2616 McCright B ...

113 Nishizawa M, Okazaki K, Furuno N, Watanabe N, Sagata N (1992) The ‘second-codon rule’ and autophosphorylation govern the sta ...

114 Sanchez Y, Wong C, Thoma RS, Richman R, Wu Z, Piwnica-Worms H, Elledge SJ (1997) Conservation of the Chk1 checkpoint pathway ...

115 Stead E, White J, Faast R, Conn S, Goldstone S, Rathjen J, Dhingra U, Rathjen P, Walker D, Dalton S (2002) Pluripotent cell ...

116 Virsolvy-Vergine A, Leray H, Kuroki S, Lupo B, Dufour M, Bataille D (1992) Endosulfine, an endogenous peptidic ligand for th ...

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 117 F. Pelegri et al. (eds.), Vertebrate Development, Advances in Experimen ...

118 including processes leading to blastomere cohesion. Finally, we discuss evolution- ary conclusions beginning to emerge from ...

119 4.2 Main Patterns of Embryonic Cleavage in Vertebrates: Holoblastic Versus Meroblastic Early embryonic cell division pattern ...

120 and cell specification that are transmitted to blastomeres (see Chaps. 6 – 8 ). In the following sections, we explore the fa ...

121 Fig. 4.2 Dynamic changes in spindle morphology during the cell cycle. The spindle apparatus begins to form before metaphase. ...

122 Chromosomes therefore can typically be separated equally between the two daugh- ter cells. Analyses of various cell types ha ...

123 island, which encodes Aur B, exhibit defects in furrow formation. However, in these embryos, cytoskeletal structures associa ...

124 named Hertwig’s rule, has been consistently observed in numerous cell types, including both embryonic and somatic cells, in ...

125 in the embryo and multiple mitotic spindles each induce their own cleavage furrow. This condition is lethal for the embryo. ...

126 The process of pronuclear fusion is additionally integrated with aster centering. In amphibians, sperm entry occurs at rando ...

127 cytoplasm. This was initially suggested by the observation that both the sperm-aster after fertilization and bipolar spindle ...

128 tion in Xenopus eggs (Wühr et al. 2010 ). These studies suggest that, in zebrafish and Xenopus, dynein-dependent pulling for ...

129 astral microtubules at each of the spindle poles is thought to additionally contribute to the alignment of the spindle withi ...

130 shape changes at different time points (Wühr et al. 2010 ). By applying pressure to Xenopus blastomeres to artificially impo ...

131 blastomeres (see above). For the ongoing cell cycle, a primary function of the ana- phase aster appears to be furrow inducti ...