Vertebrate Development Maternal to Zygotic Control (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology)

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 173 F. Pelegri et al. (eds.), Vertebrate Development, Advances in Experimen ...

174 5.1 Introduction Studies in Xenopus have identified many animally and vegetally localized factors in the egg that distribute ...

175 Establishment of the DV axis of the embryo is governed by maternal factors localized to the vegetal pole of the egg (Fig. 5. ...

176 localized to the vegetal pole of the egg and zygote (Fig. 5.1a) (Ku and Melton 1993 ; Lu et al. 2011 ; Nojima et al. 2004 , ...

177 axis of the early embryo. In this setting, the ectoderm forms from cells in the animal region, the endoderm from the most ve ...

178 embryo (King et al. 2005 ). Therefore, the initial positional information that sets up the embryonic germ layers and body ax ...

Buckyball Animal mRNAs: cyclin B1, pou5f3 (pou2) and Vg1 (in zebrafish)Oocyte maturation ++-+ Meiosis I (diplotene) Meiosis II ( ...

180 Houston and King 2000 ; Kloc et al. 2002 ). In the Xenopus embryo, the vegetal cells that inherit the GP then adopt the PGC ...

181 perivitelline space found animally (Motosugi et al. 2006 ). The animal pole exclu- sion zone for sperm entry represents inhe ...

182 5.3 Animal-Vegetal Oocyte Polarity 5.3.1 Key Events in Oogenesis After their birth from a germ line stem cell, oocytes becom ...

183 Riemer et al. 2015 ). It has now been shown in zebrafish that the first stages of Bb formation and oocyte polarization occur ...

184 Evidence in zebrafish suggests that the polarity axis is prepositioned by the plane of the last oogonial division (Elkouby e ...

185 5.4 Mechanisms of RNA Localization in the Oocyte Once AV polarity is established, it will ultimately define the sperm entry ...

186 with it to the oocyte cortex, where the Bb disassembles and the transcripts become anchored to the cortex. Many of the RNAs ...

187 Vegetal pole specification, as executed by the Bb, is essential for embryonic development, as indicated by the bucky ball (b ...

188 proximal end of its 3′UTR that is required for Bb localization (Kosaka et al. 2007 ). Interestingly, another fragment was re ...

189 localization of injected Vg1 RNA. These motifs are the sequences UUUCU (VM1) and UUCAC (E2) that are necessary also for loca ...

190 was originally developed in yeast for live imaging of endogenous ash1 mRNA asymmetric localization to the bud tip (Bertrand ...

191 have been reported: Rbpms2 (Hermes) (Heim et al. 2014 ) and Kinesin-1 (Campbell et al. 2015a). Rbpms2 is postulated to funct ...

192 the same buc mutant polarity defect. Overall, however, the cause of the defects induced by the different buc transgenes on A ...