Popes and Jews, 1095-1291

32 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 political connections and ambitions. Furthermore, the extent of immediate papal influence on Jewish ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 33 extent by guiding élites.27 Nevertheless, legends and folktales are interesting because they of ...

34 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 as reflecting a tradition that a twelfth-century anti-pope, Anacletus ii (1130–1138), had been of J ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 35 wealth, he remained a Jew at heart and returned to his faith in the end—without, of course, los ...

36 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 So Elhanan climbed to the top of a high tower and declared in front of everyone that he did not bel ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 37 one particular section of the Sefer Yossipon is pertinent to this survey since it describes the ...

38 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 information about the papacy—popes rarely feature—yet there is a particularly unusual and striking ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 39 Yossipon, which referred to the pope as ‘the greatest bishop governing over all bishops’, the p ...

40 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 JEwiSH CHroNiCLES: protECtioN FroM CHriStiAN VioLENCE other important Hebrew sources—chronicles—poi ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 41 kingdom and demanded on pain of death that they convert to Christianity. Having consulted among ...

42 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 role.70 This of course was not special to medieval Jewish writing; Christian writers too can see hi ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 43 wibert of ravenna, the anti-pope Clement iii (1029–1100), and his denunciation of Jews who, fol ...

44 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 remarkable. it has been suggested that such negative portrayals were an outlet for the rage felt by ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 45 Eugenius iii’s re-issue of the ‘Constitutio pro iudaeis’ at the beginning of his pon- tificate ...

46 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 society.93 Similarly, Jewish anti-Christian polemic began to circulate more widely, reaching a cres ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 47 in such polemical literature the issue of protection often arises in the context of particularl ...

48 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 —and that led to its being condemned at the Disputation of paris in 1240 for the specific crime of ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 49 Jacob describes gregory ix as ‘the king who governs all kings.... to him be fame and glory’—not ...

50 Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 officials and ecclesiastical dignitaries through his father, the elder official, who had held publi ...

Jewish Ideas about the Papacy 51 So all three protagonists (Blanche, Donin, Yehi’el) appeal in turn to the pope to justify their ...