FoundationalConceptsNeuroscience

that a primary role of the cerebellum may be to generate exquisite regulation of the timing of movements. Much of the intricate ...

lum by Ramon y Cajal. As another clinical example, one with rather bizarre symptoms, consider the case of someone who has a stro ...

bed”—describes a patient who was in the hospital after apparently suffering a stroke and who ended up on the floor next to his h ...

tient with anosognosia clearly must be very weird. Moving, sensing all— the grand orchestra of nerves. Conducted by whom? ...

CHAPTER 1 7 Imaging the Brain Over the last couple centuries, much has been learned about the brain by observing how damage to d ...

stroke. A brain tumor is an anomalous, abnormal proliferation of cells in the brain. Such anomalous growth may be either benign ...

individual who has the lesion. Historically, it was necessary to wait until after a person died to examine the brain and attempt ...

representation of the brain’s internal structure. CT scans may be used to visualize not only the brain but just about any intern ...

spin because the spin of a subatomic particle produces effects analo- gous to the behavior of a spinning toy top or a gyroscope ...

Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855). In these units, Earth’s magnetic field measures about 0.5 gauss, or 50 microteslas. A small magnet ...

sible to focus on measuring the spin properties of hydrogen atoms in the water molecules within the body. Different kinds of tis ...

its diagnostic capabilities, neighbors would sometimes protest with “we don’t want anything nuclear in our neighborhood!” A deci ...

of methodologies, the dynamic or functional imaging technologies, measure neural activity within a living brain and provide info ...

Figure 17.3. Cap with sixty-four electrodes for EEG recording. A crude EEG can be recorded using only two electrodes attached to ...

Hz), alpha (8-15 Hz), beta (16-30 Hz), and gamma (>30 Hz). A Fourier analysis (see Chapter 15) may be conducted on EEG data t ...

1 second Figure 17.4. Human EEG recorded simultaneously from thirty-one electrodes. After his stint in the military, Berger resu ...

precisely than previously possible, the relationship between regions of the cortex and various functions, such as sensory percep ...

Shielding is accomplished by building rooms made of metals that are resistant to penetration from magnetic fields, and by using ...

oxygen, eleven for sodium, twenty for calcium, twenty-six for iron, eighty-eight for radium, ninety-two for uranium, ninety-nine ...

are the decay formulas and half-lives for the three PET isotopes: carbon-11 > boron-11 + e* (half-life ~ 20 minutes) oxygen-1 ...