FoundationalConceptsNeuroscience

Prefrontal —\ucleus cortex accumbens Ventral tegmental area Figure 21.5. Medial view of brain showing dopaminergic reward pathwa ...

the complexities of human behavior, there is often desire to assign dominant regulatory roles to single molecular entities—in th ...

oxidase) that normally inactivates these neurotransmitters by oxidizing them, and TCAs by blocking or slowing the reuptake of no ...

Along with all this came the notion that moods (and perhaps emotions, too) have some simple relation to brain chemistry—in this ...

advertising. Drugs that were once used only in severely disturbed psychotic patients were now approved by the U.S. Food and Drug ...

is that the human condition is one of fear and dread, and the domi- nant human emotions are negative ones related to states of f ...

many a civilized man, or even boy, who never before risked his life for another, but full of courage and sympathy, has disregard ...

mental health treatment services, psychiatric medications, and even other medical interventions—meditation, not medication, when ...

CHAPTER 22 Mind, Consciousness, and Reality Does HAL have a mind? Whether a machine like HAL could have what we call mind remain ...

players. Consider the quiz game of Jeopardy. Here, too, artificial intel- ligence has come a long way, and in 2011 a computer be ...

computationally fast and massive their capabilities are, no matter how intelligent and creative, no matter what capacity they ha ...

consciousness, related to not just one’s body but to the rest of what we call physical reality? The descriptive successes of bio ...

fundamental particles of nature: quarks, gluons, electrons, muons, neutrinos, bosons, photons, and taus. Nonetheless, it is said ...

tists that microscopic matter behaves in these strange ways, and the experimental verification of quantum mechanics has been ext ...

one knows. Insights into this question seem relevant to the nature of mind and reality. What is the relation between so-called r ...

living systems—which, of course, simply pushes the origin question off to another place and time. Nonetheless, many scientists b ...

of which are argued to exist, on probabilistic grounds? Are they simply too far away, the distances too vast for even electromag ...

stage or landscape upon which our inquiry is carried out. The meta- physical framework of contemporary science is called physica ...

philosophy to describe different metaphysical frames for understand- ing the mind—matter connection. It is useful to be familiar ...

lar configurations of matter and energy, such as what occurs in living organisms. Our consciousness is our most salient experien ...