Western Civilization

Near East, Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Assyria but also extended into Thrace and Asia Minor in the west and into India in the east. ...

The Great King In this vast administrative system, the Persian king occupied an exalted position. All subjects were the king’s s ...

separation of good and evil would occur. Individuals, too, would be judged. Each soul faced a final evalua- tion of its actions. ...

CHAPTER TIMELINE CHAPTER REVIEW Upon Reflection Q What were the major characteristics of the civilization established by the Isr ...

rev. ed. (Harmondsworth, England, 1980). See alsoM. E. Aubet, The Phoenicians and the West: Politics, Colonies and Trade, 2d ed. ...

C H A P T E R 3 The Civilization of the Greeks CHAPTER OUTLINE AND FOCUS QUESTIONS Early Greece Q How did the geography of Greec ...

for their loved ones. As was the custom in Athens, one leading citizen was asked to address the crowd, and on this day it was Pe ...

established there by 2800B.C.E. This forgotten civiliza- tion was rediscovered at the turn of the twentieth cen- tury by the Eng ...

and jewelry. The complex even included bathrooms with elaborate drains. The rooms were decorated with frescoes in bright colors ...

Other important activities occurred in the Dark Age as well. Greece saw a revival of some trade and some economic activity besid ...

was anxious to see me develop into a good man... and as a means to this end he compelled me to memorize all of Homer.”^3 The val ...

praises her: “Madame, there is not a man in the wide world who could find fault with you. For your fame has reached heaven itsel ...

The hoplite force had political as well as military repercussions. The aristocratic cavalry was now out- dated. Since each hopli ...

In the western Mediterranean, new Greek settle- ments were established along the coastline of southern Italy, southern France, e ...

and vinegar, causing a visitor who ate in a public mess to remark that he now understood why Spartans were not afraid to die. At ...

their husbands and sons to be brave in war. The story is told that as a Spartan mother was burying her son, an old woman came up ...

inhabitants located in the rural districts of Attica, the coastal areas, and Athens. Each tribe thus contained a cross section o ...

Persians sacked and burned Athens, the Greek fleet remained offshore near the island of Salamis (SAL- uh-mis) and challenged the ...

new temples in Athens, an arrogant reminder that the Delian League had become the Athenian empire. But Athenian imperialism alar ...

The Spartans and their allies attacked Athens, hoping that the Athenians would send out their army to fight beyond the walls. Bu ...