Justice among Nations. A History of International Law - Stephen C. Neff

68 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) ethic of absolute pacifi sm. Th e solution was provided, at least in outline form, b ...

Keeping Kings in Check 69 It is not suffi cient to fi ght in good faith, in the sincere belief that the law is on one’s side. Th ...

70 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) Th ere were several important specifi c diff erences between just wars and self- def ...

Keeping Kings in Check 71 It is important to appreciate, though, that, for a very long time to come, this implicit ban on purely ...

72 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) than did a highwayman to the property of his victims on the road. A key consequence ...

Keeping Kings in Check 73 the same spirit, the ius commune was a law that was common to the whole of Catholic Europe— but especi ...

74 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) a E u r o p e a n and Christian law, not extending to the furthest reaches of the Ea ...

Keeping Kings in Check 75 Th e Italian Communes Th e earliest distinctive sign of restive localism presenting a direct challenge ...

76 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) that infl icted a decisive defeat onto Frederick’s imperial forces at the Battle of ...

Keeping Kings in Check 77 Th e result of Bartolus’s ingenious theory, then, was to reconcile two things that might be supposed t ...

78 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) been characterized as “the fi rst legal expression of the concept of territorial sov ...

Keeping Kings in Check 79 wrote a major work of po liti cal theory, Defensor pacis (Th e Defender of Peace), in 1324. Th e disco ...

80 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) Customs of States With the ius gentium now seen as, eff ectively, a sort of secondar ...

Keeping Kings in Check 81 which, although strictly applicable only to restricted groups of persons, came to be widely accepted. ...

82 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) Eu ro pe an maritime states following the En glish lead. In France, for example, an ...

Keeping Kings in Check 83 Th e Conduct of Wars It has been observed that just- war doctrine had no specifi c rules about the con ...

84 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) weapons against Christians. Th eir use continued to be allowed against in- fi dels ...

Keeping Kings in Check 85 (such as the position of persons who were vassals of two lords at war with one another). Bonet’s work ...

86 Law and Morality Abroad (to ca. ad 1550) capture in 1360 at the siege of Rheims, fetched a more modest £16. Pend- ing the p ...

Keeping Kings in Check 87 trading— from shipping and insurance, to pledging and pawning and de- positing, exchanging currencies, ...