Militarism and the Indo-Europeanizing of Europe - Robert Drews
In the Age of Hammurabi battles in open country, if they occurred at all, would have occurred in asymmetrical warfare: such a ba ...
may have begun as the name of a tribe but became—in the Akkadian of the Mari scribes—a generic term for “nomads” or “bedouin.”^5 ...
There is no reason to think that kings in Mesopotamia and the rest of the Near East had yet made such an investment. In any case ...
Because a city’s primary protection was not its army but its wall, immense effort was devoted to making the wall impregnable. In ...
to bring the ramp up to the top of the city wall. On the size of the labor force required for the project Paul Kern cites a math ...
accepted by those who believe that from their beginning the cities and states of the Near East engaged each other in battlefield ...
Anatolia. A Cretan colony had been established at Kastri on the island of Kythera already in the EM II period, but early in the ...
at the main gate of the fortification wall at Kolonna on Aigina, lying in a large cist grave, a warrior was found wearing a gold ...
them, is the Type A rapier found in 1981 at Kolonna.^90 This prestige sword, from the rich “Shaft Grave” of the MM (or MH) II pe ...
Apparently, however, the argument must look far beyond the Byblos rapier and the Aegean. As will be set forth in detail toward t ...
periods, Branigan catalogued more than 400 Aegean daggers. Scarcely a dozen of these were found on the Greek mainland.^104 While ...
often placed at the very end of the MH period, making it contemporary with the earliest Shaft Graves in Circle B at Mycenae. Mar ...
Grim evidence for violent death in the Corded Ware culture came recently with the discovery, in 2005, of four graves at Eulau, i ...
Violence in temperate Europe in the Early Bronze Age In central Europe the Early Bronze Age began ca. 2200 BCand is usually divi ...
were hatchets and daggers. No swords from this period have been found in Europe, but they are not expected because in the eighte ...
occasionally a bronze dagger. Atrocities occurred from time to time, as wrongs or perceived wrongs were avenged by massacres. Th ...
Ludmila Koryakova and Andrej Epimakhov, “traces of injuries—broken bones and skulls pierced with metal weapons and stone arrowhe ...
Figure 3.2Weapons and armor from Sintashta-Petrovka sites. 1 mace. 2 axe. 5 socketed spearhead. 6 studded disk cheekpiece. 4, 7– ...
were just beginning to serve as status symbols. In the same Sintashta graves, however, that yielded horse sacrifices, cheekpiece ...
Economy and society in the Eurasian steppe changed quite suddenly ca. 2000 BC. At the beginning of the KMK (or Multi-roller pott ...
«
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
»
Free download pdf