Medieval France. An Encyclopedia

Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert, abbey church. Photograph courtesy of William W.Kibler. of Cluny, this style is sparse, minimalist, and ...

ORLÉANS; PÉRIGUEUX; REIMS; ROMANESQUE ART; ROMANESQUE SCULPTURE; SAINT-AIGNAN-SUR-CHER; SAINT-MICHEL-DE-CUXA; THORONET, LE; TOUL ...

Pentecost, Cluny lectionary, late 11th century. Nouv. Acq. Lat. 2246, fol. 79v. Courtesy of the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris. a ...

Saint-Augustine (Marchiennes), mid- 12th century, Douai. MS 250, vol. 1, fol. 2. Courtesy of the Bibliothèque Municipale, Douai. ...

Christ in Majesty, Sacrementary of Saint-Étienne at Limoges, ca. 1100. Lat. 9438, fol. 58v. Courtesy of the Bibliothèque Nationa ...

Annunciation, Mont-Saint-Michel Sacrementary, late 11th century. M 641, fol. 24. Courtesy of the Pierpont Morgan Library, New Yo ...

hand giving a scroll to St. Peter. Peter and Paul, who lead a group of six Apostles to either side of Christ, were associated wi ...

ets and philosophers bearing texts on the sacrifice of Christ and his victory over death is unique. On a technical level, the us ...

Toulouse (Haute-Garonne), Saint- Sernin, Christ in Majesty, ambulatory relief. Photograph courtesy of Whitney S.Stoddard. with t ...

and the chapter house of Saint-Étienne) may be studied in the Musée des Augustins in Toulouse. The great church of Cluny III was ...

sculptors made full use of a classical vocabulary, including decorated cornices, Corinthian capitals, friezes, and figures in ni ...

RONDEAU (13th c.: rondet or rondel). A popular dance form of the 13th and 14th centuries and one of the formes fixes of the late ...

with a large four-part miniature that takes up most of the first page and, with some variation, illustrates the opening scenes o ...

remaniement and the only one that is not anonymous is that executed by Gui de Mori in the late 13th century. Gui suppressed allu ...

ROTROUENGE . A poetic form. Little is known regarding the rotrouenge, and the few extant examples differ from one another in ver ...

Rouen (Seine-Maritime), Notre-Dame, plan of 11th century, present plan. After Lanfrey. In 1204, Rouen surrendered swiftly when P ...

Rouen, Notre-Dame, nave and aisle. Photograph: Clarence Ward Collection. Courtesy of Oberlin College. transept has three bays wi ...

Rouen, Saint-Ouen. Photograph courtesy of Whitney S.Stoddard. manesque building. Construction began in 1318 at the east end and ...

Masson, André, L’église abbatiale Saint-Ouen de Rouen, avec une étude sur les vitraux par Jean Lafond. Paris: Laurens, 1927. Mol ...

ROYAL ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE . Although the Merovingian kings made some effort to preserve Roman institutions, early Frankis ...