The Bulgars and the Steppe Empire in the Early Middle Ages

86 chapter two /koloburs’/qams’ authority. It was because of the same centralization that the khagans undertook such serious cha ...

the ‘inside’ other 87 between boys and girls who had to inherit their parents. According to him, the girls received more,^3 but ...

88 chapter two the Greeks) with Scythia,^5 i.e. with the nomads’ area! Besides that story of Herodotus, there are other legends ...

the ‘inside’ other 89 these notions, especially in the Bulgarian folklore today, came thanks to the “illiteral relations among S ...

90 chapter two (“maiden’s mountain”).^17 It was al-Masʻûdî who, in the tenth century, mentions that among the Volga Bulgars wome ...

the ‘inside’ other 91 to the Saltovo-Maiatski archeological culture (end of seventh–ninth century), is quite appropriate for suc ...

92 chapter two for a re-birth of the classical Turkic sculpture from the sixth–eighth century.^26 The boundary role of the women ...

the ‘inside’ other 93 And because of exactly this reason the Turkic visual canon as well as that of representation had been obvi ...

94 chapter two is from another world. And because of that kind of notions the con- tacts with such kind of women had to be ‘sanc ...

the ‘inside’ other 95 mention the most significant features which could be viewed as reflect- ing the original connection betwee ...

96 chapter two the thirteenth century, namely William Rubruck and Pian de Carpine, about the Mongols and their typical way of ma ...

the ‘inside’ other 97 at home thus affording them to concentrate their power and attention to military training and mobile warfa ...

98 chapter two In 625 (or 627?) A.D., the West Turkic khagan Ton yabghu declared his desire for a matrimonial alliance with the ...

the ‘inside’ other 99 of the steppe nobles. Given that situation, it is clear that both sides were in fact satisfied with the si ...

100 chapter two civilizations. Though not quite frequently, nomads were also an active side in these relationships. The ‘female ...

the ‘inside’ other 101 ‘marriage diplomacy’ indeed, the khagans aimed at establishing obe- dience or, at least, their interests ...

102 chapter two daughters of China’s sovereigns. All those three women became indeed hostages of the Uighur–Chinese military all ...

the ‘inside’ other 103 There is another interesting detail concerning this marriage. Being overzealous to ensure Uighur support, ...

104 chapter two previous marriage in 788 A.D., the ruler sent only 2000 horses.^66 Prob- ably the gifts sent in return by the Ch ...

the ‘inside’ other 105 and the Uighurs after 756 A.D. until the destruction of the khaganate in 840 A.D.^70 No dynastic aliance ...