Evolution And History

156 CHAPTER 7 | The First Bipeds a photo that shows the chimpanzee style of climbing clearly. You might wonder, yeah so what? Is ...

The Pliocene Environment and Hominin Diversity 157 by absolute brain size but also by the ratio of brain to body size. Unfortuna ...

158 CHAPTER 7 | The First Bipeds To further complicate the diversity seen in A. afarensis, in 2001 Meave and Louise Leakey annou ...

The Pliocene Environment and Hominin Diversity 159 Using patterns of tooth eruption in young australopith- ecines such as Taung, ...

160 CHAPTER 7 | The First Bipeds Although one fossil specimen often referred to as the “Black Skull” (see A. aethiopicus in Tabl ...

The Pliocene Environment and Hominin Diversity 161 Figure 7.12 The Pliocene fossil bipeds and the scientific names by which they ...

162 CHAPTER 7 | The First Bipeds (Figure 7.13). Though paleoanthropologists debate which species is ancestral to humans, they ag ...

Humans Stand on Their Own Two Feet 163 In fact, the earliest known stone tools, dating to about 2.5 mya, are about 2 million yea ...

164 CHAPTER 7 | The First Bipeds consumption. The biped does not have to remain out in the open, exposed and vulnerable, to do a ...

Humans Stand on Their Own Two Feet 165 Biocultural Connection Evolution and Human Birth Because biology and culture have always ...

166 CHAPTER 7 | The First Bipeds An objection to the above scenario might be that when bipedalism developed, savannah was not as ...

Early Representatives of the Genus Homo 167 australopithecines became extinct around 1 mya, the ro- bust forms underwent relativ ...

168 CHAPTER 7 | The First Bipeds However, the large teeth and face of this specimen resemble the earlier australopithecines. Fro ...

Early Representatives of the Genus Homo 169 whether a collection of ancient bones and teeth repre- sents a distinct species, the ...

170 CHAPTER 7 | The First Bipeds acids, the building blocks of protein. No single plant food can provide this nutritional balanc ...

Johanson, D. C., & Wong, K. (2009). Lucy’s legacy: The quest for human origins. New York: Harmony. The adventures of fossil ...

occurred after brain size reached modern propor- tions? These fossils from Sima de los Huesos (“Pit of the Bones”), Sierra de At ...

173 CHAPTER 8 Early Homo and the Origins of Culture Chapter Preview What Were the Cultural Capabilities of Our Ancestors? The ar ...

174 CHAPTER 8 | Early Homo and the Origins of Culture Paleoanthropologists are faced with evidence that is often scant, enigmati ...

Sex, Gender, and the Behavior of Early Homo 175 preserved in the archaeological record, paleoanthro- pologists began to piece to ...