A History of the World From the 20th to the 21st Century

The Italian Communist Party after 1945 behaved in a way that was contrary to communist tradition, deliberately seeking general a ...

democratic avowals. Their unwavering support of Moscow in international affairs had a similar effect: they defended the Soviet i ...

war, the dispute over the Trieste territory created some agitation until it was resolved in the mid-1950s. An agreement with Aus ...

People’s Party, a newspaper editor and a member of parliament in 1921, he opposed Mussolini and was imprisoned for his pains. On ...

50 per cent of the popular vote. Since they there- fore had to rely on the votes of the right, the gov- ernments from 1953 to 19 ...

owned large holdings in engineering, steel, ship- yards and armaments. After 1945, it also inaugu- rated public works programmes ...

during the steady but not stirring days of recon- struction, when for the ordinary people life was unexciting. Their expectation ...

1 Part XII WHO WILL LIBERATE THE THIRD WORLD? 1954–68 ...

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The fragile stability achieved after the Korean War armistice (1953) and the Geneva settlements of the Indo-Chinese question (19 ...

and Dulles refused to accept was that no firm line had been drawn against further communist expan- sion, further erosion of the ...

a kingdom whose unity was confirmed by the Geneva Agreements of 1954, Laos was torn by regional, tribal and factional strife. Th ...

if the nuclear threat did not deter the Pathet Lao or the Vietminh, while supplies continued to reach them from China and the So ...

sexual partners, in and out of the White House. His marriage was inevitably placed under extreme strain, and his liaisons with b ...

unemployment and expand trade, profits and incomes, so generating more money for the administration to spend. Kennedy, though ca ...

assassination, his administration had already sent more than 16,000 men to South Vietnam. The Geneva Agreements were dead, as th ...

addresses to the American people, Kennedy exhorted America to live up to its ideals. But this exhortation to play a world role h ...

poisoned cigar or dropping pills into his drink. In October 1962 Cuba would be in the news again in the most serious Cold War cr ...

For the time being Khrushchev was accepted as primus inter pares, but Soviet leadership was ulti- mately a collective affair. Th ...

On Wednesday, 24 October 1962, some 500 miles from the shores of Cuba, two Soviet merchant ves- sels, the Gagarinand Komiles, es ...