Environmental Engineering FOURTH EDITION

124 ENVIRONMENT' ENGINEERING 2 40,000 - 30,000 - 20.000 - 10,oooy 8,000 = 6,000 - 5,000 - h~=ho+K- V2 =20+24 (&) = 29. ...

Water Supply 125 1000- 900 : 800 f 700 - 600 - 500 - 400 7 0 D vc S 3OoOz 3000 4 2000 10- 0- 7- 6- 5- 4 91 5oC 40- 30 1 v) 5- d ...

126 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEEIUNG Assume any arbitrary head loss, say 10 ft. Calculate head loss in feet per 1000 ft for pipes 1 an ...

Water Supply 127 Table 6-4. Minor Losses of Head Nature of resistance Nature of Loss (K) resistance Loss (K) 45" elbow Angle val ...

128 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEEFUNG D=6" L= 1400' Pipe 110.3 Pipe no.4 ce( Dig'; ( ,D=6'' E L=4W L=600' Actual pipes Figure 6-12. (a) ...

Water Supply 129 installations. Rather, they are selected from predesigned and manufacturedunits readily available for a wide ra ...

130 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING for zero discharge, corrected to the centerline pump elevation, should be used in lieu of the stat ...

Water Supply 13 1 Pump Characteristic Curves The total head developed by a pump, the power required to drive it, and the resulti ...

132 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Tdtai static Capacity Figure 6-15. System head curve. For zero discharge, total head is equal to t ...

Water Supply 133 Figure 6-16. Determination of pump operating point. Capacity Single pump Two pumps in parallel Two pumps in ser ...

134 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING water or enough clean water may not be available in some areas because of climate and water use. B ...

Chapter 7 Water Treatment Many aquifers and isolated surface waters are high in water quality and may be pumped from the supply ...

136 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Raw, water Chemicals Rapid mixing Flocculation Settling Filtration Chlorination Clear well storag ...

Water Treatment 137 I I I I I Figure 7-2. Charges on a suspended particle, as explained by the double-layer theory. the particle ...

138 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Slipping plane (B) I I. I ' repulsion, R P attraction. A I. Figure 7-3. Reduction of the net charg ...

Water Treatment 139 From rapid mix Figure 7-4. Flocculator used in water treatment. p = fluid density (kg/m3 or lb-s2/ft3), and ...

140 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING The rotational velocity is 2nm ut = - 60 ’ where r = radius in feet and n = rpm, so that The veloc ...

Water Treatment 141 Sludge & Figure 7-5. Settling tank used in water treatment. FILTRATION The movement of water into the gr ...

142 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Wash water storage 7 I II Water level when washing wast drain Figure 7-6. Rapid sand filter. iins ...

Water Treatment 143 2, 0 0 ‘. I I 10-2 io-’ 1 io 100 Size of Particle, pn Figure 7-8. Removal of various-sized particles in a fi ...