Understanding Third World Politics

solidarity of the rebels; possession of a special linguistic code provides for an autonomous system of communication’ (Wolfe, 19 ...

peasantry as a class by exacting a larger surplus from it, but leaves it intact by failing to develop a sufficiently powerful co ...

11 Democratization in the Third World Introduction: the ‘third wave’ and the Third World Recent reforms in the direction of plur ...

Democratization in the Third World 251 (The Solomon Islands). While some countries register improvements in polit- ical rights a ...

be contaminated by practice (pp. 6–8). Rueschmeyer et al. (1992) look for realistic possibilities rather than philosophical idea ...

transition and consolidation are not always kept conceptually distinct, as when explanations of transition are used to test whet ...

paying insufficient attention to structural factors, such as levels of economic development, which may account for both the deca ...

professionals – whose interests cannot be ignored and whose political activ- ity is the subject of the bargaining process. There ...

‘contagion’ (as in Latin America) and, rarely, military force. However, how such international factor affect democratizing regim ...

to these two dimensions determines its prospects for transition to democ- racy and the path that will be taken. A combination of ...

constitution) and élites adjust their political behaviour to liberal democratic practices. Uncertainty inevitably surrounds the ...

number of electoral democracies has grown, levels of political and civil freedom have declined, leaving democracy that is ‘shall ...

explanations of consolidation in terms of these different sets of factors, recognizing that there are difficulties in applying p ...

classes, too. The greater the wealth of the lower class, the less opportunity there is for the upper class to deny them their po ...

(Przeworski et al., 2000, p. 120). Other comparative evidence, such as Muller’s study of 33 countries between 1961 and 1980, als ...

requires low levels of political participation, restricted rights of citizenship, a docile working class, and an absence of many ...

divides states into ‘coercion intensive’ or ‘capital intensive’, depending on their sources of revenue. Where the state has no n ...

seizure of independence followed by civil and foreign wars produced polit- ical turmoil in the nineteenth century that made prog ...

There is much convincing evidence that a ‘low’ level of political culture can undermine democracy. A lack of commitment to democ ...

(for example, monarchy) is not threatened during the transition period. Legitimacy is also preserved by governmental effectivene ...