0071643192.pdf

PEDIATRICS SYMPTOMS/EXAM The term “diarrhea” describes an increased frequency of loose bowel move- ments. Important history incl ...

PEDIATRICS ■ Urine may be sent to rule out a UTI. ■ Diarrhea may lead to severe dehydration, as well as a non–anion gap metaboli ...

PEDIATRICS TREATMENT Stabilization and diagnosis are paramount, with specific treatment directed toward the underlying condition ...

PEDIATRICS SYMPTOMS Infants and children can present to the ED with undiagnosed CHD at any time. Both the age at presentation an ...

PEDIATRICS Hypercyanotic spells (“tet spells”) are often associated with crying or feeding (thought to be due to acute worsening ...

PEDIATRICS SYMPTOMS/EXAM ■ Small defects are usually asymptomatic early on but associated with loud, harsh holosystolic murmur a ...

PEDIATRICS HEARTBLOCK Heart block is most commonly seen postoperatively following cardiac surgery. Other causes include rheumati ...

PEDIATRICS TREATMENT ■ Scalp: Mineral oil, followed by antidandruff shampoo ■ Other areas: Topical steroids Eczema ■ Chronic, re ...

PEDIATRICS ■ Systemic antihistamines for pruritis ■ Oral antibiotics if superimposed skin infection COMPLICATIONS Complications ...

PEDIATRICS TREATMENT Generally no treatment is indicated because the lesions are self-limited and resolve without scarring. Pity ...

PEDIATRICS COMPLICATIONS Hyperpigmentation can occur (especially in patients with dark skin color) due to chronic skin inflammat ...

PEDIATRICS ■ Lab studies can confirm clinical suspicion. ■ Presence of IgM to measles is diagnostic. ■ Rise in antibody titers d ...

PEDIATRICS ■ Immunize close contacts who are unvaccinated. (Note MMR vaccine is contraindicated in patients who are pregnant or ...

PEDIATRICS TREATMENT Supportive COMPLICATIONS ■ Noncongenital infection may lead to arthritis or arthralgia (particularly in you ...

PEDIATRICS COMPLICATIONS Complications are very rare, but hepatitis or encephalitis can occur. COXSACKIEA-16 VIRUS(HAND-FOOT-MOU ...

PEDIATRICS DIAGNOSIS Clinical diagnosis TREATMENT Supportive COMPLICATIONS ■ Myocarditis may develop in 2% of patients who have ...

PEDIATRICS TREATMENT Symptomatic care only COMPLICATIONS Aplastic anemiamay develop in patients who have an underlying hemoglo- ...

PEDIATRICS COMPLICATIONS Chickenpox ■ Bacterial skin infections are most common complication. ■ Children who are immunocompromis ...

PEDIATRICS ■ Maternal infection during first or second trimester can result in con- genital varicella, leading to fetal scarring ...

PEDIATRICS DIAGNOSIS Clinical suspicion, confirmed by throat culture positive for strep, or a rising antistreptolysin-O (ASO) ti ...