Emergency Medicine

136 Acid–Base, Electrolyte and Renal Emergencies ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS (iii) Increased salt load: (a) hyperaldosteronism or Cush ...

Acid–Base, Electrolyte and Renal Emergencies 137 ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS (iii) Normovolaemic hyponatraemia (a) urine osmolality &g ...

138 Acid–Base, Electrolyte and Renal Emergencies ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS (ii) Consult with the intensive care team if the patient ...

ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS Acid–Base, Electrolyte and Renal Emergencies 139 Hypocalcaemia DIAGNOSIS 1 Hypocalcaemia is defined by a s ...

140 Acid–Base, Electrolyte and Renal Emergencies ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS 2 Causes include: (i) Renal failure. (ii) Iatrogenic magn ...

Acid–Base, Electrolyte and Renal Emergencies 141 Acute Renal Failure 4 Insert a large-bore i.v. cannula and send blood for FBC, ...

142 Acid–Base, Electrolyte and Renal Emergencies ACUTE RENAL FAILURE 2 Causes include: (i) Pre-renal failure (decreased renal pe ...

Acid–Base, Electrolyte and Renal Emergencies 143 ACUTE RENAL FAILURE (b) signs of volume overload: raised JVP, peripheral oedema ...

144 Acid–Base, Electrolyte and Renal Emergencies Further Reading and refractory pulmonary oedema, pericarditis, uraemic encephal ...

INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND FOREIGN TRAVEL EMERGENCIES Section IV ...

146 Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies Neutropenia has a significant generalized infection risk with a temperatur ...

Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies 147 Hepatitis (i) Urgent empirical i.v. therapy with broad-spectrum antimicrob ...

148 Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies Gastrointestinal Tract Infection 2 Otherwise, discharge the patient with a ...

Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies 149 GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT INFECTION (vii) ‘Traveller’s diarrhoea’ is most oft ...

150 Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies Sexually Transmitted Diseases DIAGNOSIS 1 A sexually transmitted disease ( ...

Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies 151 Needlestick and Sharps Incidents Inoculation Incident with HIV Risk DIAGNO ...

152 Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies NEEDLESTICK AND SHARPS INCIDENTS 5 Consider the additional possibility of ...

Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies 153 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (ii) The exposed person requires fo ...

154 Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION (ii) Group 2 – Asymptomatic infecti ...

Infectious Disease and Foreign Travel Emergencies 155 Tuberculosis testing such as a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for H ...