Emergency Medicine

176 Tox icolog y SPECIFIC POISONS 2 Administer norma l sa line to maintain a norma l blood pressure (BP). 3 Gastrointestinal dec ...

Tox i c o l o g y 17 7 SPECIFIC POISONS (i) Naloxone is a short-acting opioid antagonist that may be administered by the i.m., i ...

178 Tox icolog y SPECIFIC POISONS Discuss these with the senior ED doctor or a clinical toxicologist: (i) Decontamination: (a) d ...

Tox i c o l o g y 17 9 SPECIFIC POISONS MANAGEMENT 1 Treatment depends on haemodynamic stability, conscious state, and whether i ...

180 Tox icolog y SPECIFIC POISONS 2 Acute overdose (i) Clinical manifestations of acute overdose include: (a) gastrointestinal: ...

Tox icolog y 181 SPECIFIC POISONS Theophylline DIAGNOSIS 1 Theophylline toxicity may result from acute ingestion or chronic use. ...

182 Tox icolog y SPECIFIC POISONS 3 Give high-dose metoclopramide 10–40 mg i.v. for intractable vomiting, or give ondansetron 4– ...

Tox i c o l o g y 18 3 SPECIFIC POISONS Calcium-channel blocking drugs DIAGNOSIS 1 Toxicity is related to underlying cardiac dis ...

184 Tox icolog y SPECIFIC POISONS Carbon monoxide DIAGNOSIS 1 Carbon monoxide poisoning is usually associated with the combustio ...

Tox i c o l o g y 18 5 SPECIFIC POISONS 3 Give 20% mannitol 0.5–1.0 g/kg (2.5–5 mL/kg) for clinical or radiographic evidence of ...

186 Tox icolog y SPECIFIC POISONS 2 Clinical manifestations (‘cinchonism’) are dose related and include: (i) Mild: flushed and s ...

Tox i c o l o g y 18 7 SPECIFIC POISONS 4 Gain i.v. access and send blood for FBC, U&Es, LFTs, blood sugar level and troponi ...

188 Tox icolog y SPECIFIC POISONS 4 Gain i.v. access and send blood for FBC, U&Es, LFTs and a plasma cholineste- rase level, ...

Tox i c o l o g y 18 9 Chemical Burns (iii) Systemic from oral ingestion: (a) <15 mL of 20% solution: nausea, vomiting and di ...

190 Toxicology Further Reading 3 Hydrofluoric acid burns (i) Neutralize these as follows: (a) convert hydrofluoric acid to the c ...

TOXINOLOGY EMERGENCIES Section VI ...

192 Toxinology Emergencies SNAKE BITES Australian snakebite management advice is available from the Poisons Informa- tion Centre ...

Toxinology Emergencies 193 SNAKE BITES (d) myotoxic effects including muscle pain or tenderness with creatine kinase (CK) >10 ...

194 Toxinology Emergencies SNAKE BITES (ii) Give the appropriate species-specific monovalent antivenom if the snake species has ...

Toxinology Emergencies 195 SNAKE BITES Viper (adder) snake bites DIAGNOSIS 1 Snakes of the viper species include the North Ameri ...