A History of Western Philosophy

CHAPTER XIII Locke's Theory of Knowledge JOHN LOCKE ( 1637-1704) is the apostle of the Revolution of 1688, the most moderate and ...

which his fame most securely rests; but his influence on the philosophy of politics was so great and so lasting that he must be ...

only in the percipient. Without the eye, there would be no colours; without the ear, no sounds, and so on. For Locke's view as t ...

some measure of doubt. This temper of mind is obviously connected with religious toleration, with the success of parliamentary d ...

certainty in their favour. "The grounds of probability," he says, "are two: conformity with our own experience, or the testimony ...

mutual ignorance, and endeavour to remove it in all the gentle and fair ways of information, and not instantly treat others ill ...

second book he sets to work to show, in detail, how experience gives rise to various kinds of ideas. Having rejected innate idea ...

a real essence, which will consist of their physical constitution, but this is in the main unknown to us, and is not the "essenc ...

tells us, three kinds of knowledge of real existence. Our knowledge of our own existence is intuitive, our knowledge of God's ex ...

as having outside causes, which the very word "impression" irresistibly suggests. And at the moments when Hume achieves some deg ...

those who break them risk going to hell. The prudent pleasure-seeker will therefore be virtuous. With the decay of the belief th ...

characteristic of liberalism, and long survived the theological foundation that it had in Locke. Locke states that liberty depen ...

being a right to anything, and the idea to which the name 'injustice' is given being the invasion or violation of that right, it ...

doctrine, it is not pleasure as such that is desired, since a proximate pleasure is more desired than a remote one. If morality ...

Protestant monarchs respectively, had vigorously affirmed the right of subjects to resist tyrannical princes, and their writings ...

Buchanan was sanctioned by success, but that of Parsons was disproved by his colleague Campion's execution. Even before the Refo ...

father. But apart from all these considerations, it would not occur to any modern man outside Japan to suppose that political po ...

vinism; in Scotland, he had to reject bishops and believe in Calvinism. The Stuarts had genuine religious convictions, which mad ...

privileges throughout Europe, except in England, where they have become little more than a historical form. All this, in most co ...

of Spain. He was only in a position to make such grants (a) because Spain accepted views similar to Filmer's, and (b) because th ...